贵州省黔西南州新生儿重症监护病房医生和护士母乳喂养知识、态度、实践现状调查  

Survey on the knowledge,attitude,and practices of breastfeeding among doctors and nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit of Qianxinan Prefecture,Guizhou Province

作　　者：陈春江 吴顺芬 曾路 吴立青 孔祥平 殷豪 张益 朱珠 王仕霞 苟万斌 韦光杰 Chen Chunjiang;Wu Shunfen;Zeng Lu;Wu Liqing;Kong Xiangping;Yin Hao;Zhang Yi;Zhu Zhu;Wang Shixia;Gou Wanbin;Wei Guangjie(Department of Neonatology,Qianxinan People's Hospital of Guizhou Province,Xingyi 562400,China;Department of Neonatology,Xingyi People's Hospital of Guizhou Province,Xingyi 562400,China;Department of Neonatology,Qianxinan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Guizhou Province,Xingyi 562400,China;Department of Neonatology,Xingren People's Hospital of Guizhou Province,Xingren 562300,China;Department of Neonatology,Puan County People's Hospital of Guizhou Province,Puan 561500,China;Department of Neonatology,Anlong County People's Hospital of Guizhou Province,Anlong 552400,China;Department of Neonatology,Zhenfeng County People's Hospital of Guizhou Province,Zhenfeng 562200,China;Department of Neonatology,Ceheng County People's Hospital of Guizhou Province,Ceheng 552200,China;Department of Neonatology,Wangmo County People's Hospital of Guizhou Province,Wangmo 562300,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省黔西南州人民医院新生儿科,兴义562400 [2]贵州省兴义市人民医院新生儿科,兴义562400 [3]贵州省黔西南州妇幼保健院新生儿科,兴义562400 [4]贵州省兴仁市人民医院新生儿科,兴仁562300 [5]贵州省普安县人民医院新生儿科,普安561500 [6]贵州省安龙县人民医院新生儿科,安龙552400 [7]贵州省贞丰县人民医院新生儿科,贞丰562200 [8]贵州省册亨县人民医院新生儿科,册亨552200 [9]贵州省望谟县人民医院新生儿科,望谟552300

出　　处：《中华围产医学杂志》2024年第7期553-561,共9页Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金(gzwkj2022-404)。

摘　　要：目的了解贵州省黔西南州新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)母乳喂养情况及医生和护士母乳喂养知识、态度、实践现状,为母乳喂养质量改进提供基础资料。方法编制NICU母乳喂养知识、态度、实践调查问卷,问卷分为知识、态度和实践3个维度,分别有7(总分7分)、9(总分45分)和7个条目(总分35分),得分越低表示母乳喂养认识越薄弱;并设置最影响母乳喂养因素的5个条目。于2023年11月25日至30日对贵州省黔西南州9家医院新生儿科的有执业资格证书且在本科室工作满1年的医生和护士开展调查。采用两独立样本t检验和χ^(2)检验比较不同级别医院、同级别医院医生和护士在NICU母乳喂养知识、态度、实践维度的得分情况。结果(1)9家医院中3家为三级甲等(简称三甲)医院,实际纳入调查的医生占医生总数的95.6%(43/45),护士占护士总数的96.5%(110/114);6家二级甲等(简称二甲)医院,实际纳入调查的医生占医生总数的95.0%(38/40),护士占护士总数的97.6%(83/85)。(2)9家单位均为爱婴医院,院内均有母乳喂养宣传资料,其中6家医院NICU开展母乳喂养,全州2021年至2023年NICU母乳喂养率平均为25.8%。(3)同级别医院内,医生参加过母乳喂养培训的比例均高于护士[三甲医院:69.8%(30/43)与40.0%(44/110),χ^(2)=10.97,P=0.001;二甲医院:47.4%(18/38)与24.1%(20/83),χ^(2)=6.55,P=0.010],但比例均较低。(4)三甲医院中,医生态度维度总分高于护士[(35.35±4.75)与(33.18±5.60)分,t=-2.03,P=0.044]、实践维度总分也高于护士[(26.98±3.00)与(25.60±3.75)分,t=-2.17,P=0.032];二甲医院中,医生知识维度总分高于护士[(4.92±1.44)与(4.20±1.45)分,t=-2.52,P=0.013]。三甲医院医生态度及实践维度总分均高于二甲医院医生,三甲医院护士知识、态度及实践维度总分均高于二甲医院护士(P值均<0.05)。(5)知识维度中,三甲医院医生得分最低的条目为“母亲�Objective To understand the breastfeeding situation in the neonatal intensive care units(NICUs)in Qianxinan Prefecture,Guizhou Province,and to assess the knowledge,attitudes,and practices of doctors and nurses regarding breastfeeding,aiming to provide foundational data for improving breastfeeding quality.Methods A questionnaire was developed to survey the knowledge,attitudes,and practices related to breastfeeding in NICUs.The questionnaire was divided into three dimensions:knowledge(seven items,total score of 7),attitudes(nine items,total score of 45),and practices(seven items,total score of 35).Lower scores indicated weaker recognition of breastfeeding.Additionally,five items were included to identify the most influential factors affecting breastfeeding.From November 25 to November 30,2023,a survey was conducted among doctors and nurses with professional qualifications who had worked in the neonatal departments of nine hospitals in Qianxinan Prefecture for at least one year.Independent sample t-tests and Chi-square tests were used to compare the scores of doctors and nurses from different levels of hospitals and within the same level of hospitals across the three dimensions.Results(1)Among the nine hospitals,three were tertiary grade A hospitals(referred to as"tertiary hospitals"),with 95.6%(43/45)of the doctors and 96.5%(110/114)of the nurses participating in the survey.Six were secondary grade A hospitals(referred to as"secondary hospitals"),with 95.0%(38/40)of the doctors and 97.6%(83/85)of the nurses participating.(2)All nine hospitals were baby-friendly hospitals and all had breastfeeding promotional materials.Six hospitals had NICUs that promoted breastfeeding,with an average NICU breastfeeding rate of 25.8%across the prefecture between year 2021 to 2023.(3)The proportion of doctors who had received breastfeeding training was higher than that of nurses within the same level of hospitals[tertiary hospitals:69.8%(30/43)vs.40.0%(44/110),χ^(2)=10.97,P=0.001;secondary hospitals:47.4%(18/38)vs.24.1%(20/83),χ^(

关 键 词：母乳喂养 基层医院 新生儿重症监护 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]