密云水库流域蒸发量变化规律及不同蒸发皿转换系数分析  

Analysis of evaporation variation and different evaporator conversion coefficients in the Miyun Reservoir basin

作　　者：樊敏 卢亚静 李永坤 郝天奇 王主 张明阳 褚旭 李龙 FAN Min;LU Yajing;LI Yongkun;HAO Tianqi;WANG Zhu;ZHANG Mingyang;CHU Xu;LI Long(Beijing Miyun Reservoir Management Office,Beijing 101512,China;Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市密云水库管理处,北京101512 [2]北京市水科学技术研究院,北京100048

出　　处：《北京水务》2024年第3期55-61,共7页Beijing Water

摘　　要：为分析气候变化背景下密云水库流域蒸发量变化规律,采用气候倾向率、Mann-Kendall趋势检验法和Morlet小波变换法分析密云水库流域1960-2022年白河观测站蒸发皿蒸发量随时间的变化趋势;同时为建立不同型号水面蒸发皿之间的定量转换关系,选择3个典型水文观测站2005-2022年E601型蒸发皿和20 cm口径蒸发皿的同步观测数据,进行流域年蒸发量计算,并开展不同蒸发皿转换系数的分析。结果表明:1960年以来,密云水库流域蒸发量呈不显著上升趋势,蒸发主要集中在春夏两季,占全年蒸发量的71.3%,四季蒸发量总体上呈现上升-上升-下降-上升的趋势;密云白河观测站蒸发量存在33 a时间尺度的“丰-枯”变化第一主周期及20 a时间尺度的“枯-丰”变化第二主周期。密云水库流域E601型和20 cm口径2种蒸发皿具有较好的相关性和同步性,白河站、张家坟水文站和下会水文站的蒸发同步观测值在冰期(11月至次年3月)的转换系数分别为0.56、0.52和0.53,非冰期(4-10月)的转换系数分别为0.71、0.70和0.64,全年蒸发皿的转换系数分别为0.68、0.66和0.62。结果对开展密云水库流域蒸发量的统计分析研究具有一定参考价值。To analyze the variation patterns of evaporation in the Miyun Reservoir basin under the back-ground of climate change and the climate tendency rate,Mann-Kendall trend test method and Morlet wavelet transform method were employed to analyze the temporal changes in evaporation from the Baihe observation station in the Miyun Reservoir basin from year 1960 to 2022.Additionally,to establish a quantitative conversion relationship between dfferent types of water surface evaporation dishes,the syn-chronous observation data of the E601 evaporation dish and 20 cm diameter evaporation dish from three typical hydrological observation stations from year 2005 to 2022 were selected to calculate the annual evaporation in the basin and to analyze the conversion coefficients of different evaporation dishes.The results indicated that since year 1960,the evaporation in the Miyun Reservoir basin has shown a non-significant upward trend,with evaporation primarily concentrated in the spring and summer seasons,accounting for 71.3%of the annual evaporation.Overall,the seasonal evaporation showed an increasing-increasingdecreasing-increasing trend.The evaporation at the Baihe observation station in Miyun exhibited a primary cycle of"abundant-dry"change with a time scale of 33 years and a secondary cycle of"dry-abundant"change with a time scale of 20 years.The E601 and 20cm diameter evaporation dishes in the Miyun Reservoir basin exhibited good correlation and synchronicity.The conversion coefficients of synchronous observations at the Baihe station,Zhangjiafen hydrological station,and Xiahui hydrological station during the ice period(November to the following March)were 0.56,0.52,and 0.53,respectively,while the conversion coefficients during the non-ice period(April to October)were 0.71,0.70,and 0.64,respectively.The conversion coefficients of the annual evaporation dish were 0.68,0.66,and 0.62,respectively.The result have certain reference value for conducting statistical analysis of evaporation in the Miyun Reservoir basin.

关 键 词：密云水库 蒸发皿蒸发量 变化特征 气候倾向率 Mann-Kendall趋势检验法 MORLET小波分析 转换系数 

分 类 号：TV211.2[水利工程—水文学及水资源]