学生家长流感疫苗接种意愿及影响因素的调查分析  

Parents’willingness to vaccinate against influenza for their children and its influencing factors

作　　者：朱梦 冯玉杰 祝茜 朱标 侯赛[1] ZHU Meng;FENG Yujie;ZHU Qian;ZHU Biao;HOU Sai(Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei,Anhui 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2024年第7期797-800,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2022年安徽省新冠病毒科研应急攻关项目(新冠病毒分子流行病学特征及传播控制策略研究2022e07020071)。

摘　　要：目的调查学生家长流感疫苗的接种意愿及影响因素,为提高学生流感疫苗接种率提供参考。方法采取分层随机整群抽样方法,2022年6—10月在阜阳市、亳州市和宣城市开展问卷调查。分析学生家长流感疫苗的接种意愿,进行单因素分析和logistic多因素回归分析。结果2637名研究对象中,2282名(86.54%)家长愿意为孩子接种流感疫苗,355名(13.46%)家长不愿意。家长不愿意接种流感疫苗的原因中居前三位的分别为担心不安全(61.56%),流感症状轻无需接种(35.74%),接种费用高、性价比低(27.93%)。logistic多因素回归分析结果显示家长流感知识素养得分(OR=1.064)、家长是否接受过健康宣教(OR=2.240)、家长学历(OR=1.106)、学生流感疫苗接种史(OR=1.685)是影响家长流感疫苗接种意愿影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论家长流感疫苗接种意愿较高,但仍存在部分家长不愿意接种,因此加强流感疫苗健康宣教工作,提高家长的流感认知水平,扩大流感疫苗的优惠力度,有利于进一步提高家长对流感疫苗的接种意愿。Objective To investigate the willingness to receive influenza vaccination and its influencing factors among students’parents,and to provide references for improving the vaccination rate of influenza vaccines among students.Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey in Fuyang City,Bozhou City and Xuancheng City from June to October in 2022.The parents’willingness to vaccinate their children against influenza was analyzed.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed.Results Among 2,637 parents in the study,2,282(86.54%)were willing to vaccinate their children against influenza,while 355(13.46%)were unwilling to get the vaccine.The top three reasons for the parents’reluctance to receive influenza vaccines were fear of insecurity(61.56%),mild flu symptoms without vaccination(35.74%),high cost and low cost-effectiveness(27.93%).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the scores of the parents’influenza-related knowledge literacy(OR=1.064),whether the parents received health education(OR=2.240),parental educational background(OR=1.106)and the students’history of influenza vaccination(OR=1.685)were independent risk factors affecting willingness of the parents to vaccinate their children against influenza(P<0.05).Conclusion The parents had a high willingness to receive influenza vaccines,but still some parents were unwilling to receive them.Therefore,strengthening the parents’health education and publicity on influenza vaccines,improving the parents’flu awareness and expanding the benefits of vaccination are conducive to promoting the willingness of the parents to vaccinate their children against influenza.

关 键 词：流感 疫苗 接种意愿 调查 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]