2017—2022年广东省湛江市流感流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Zhanjiang City,Guangdong Province,2017-2022

作　　者：李日婵 黄敬修 陈佩佩 周温馨 凌陈稳[1] 陈嘉琳[1] LI Richan;HUANG Jingxiu;CHEN Peipei;ZHOU Wenxin;LING Chenwen;CHEN Jialin(Zhanjiang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524033,China)

机构地区：[1]湛江市疾病预防控制中心,广东湛江524033

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2024年第7期801-805,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的对2017—2022年度广东省湛江市流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)进行核酸检测,分析流感的流行病学特征,为进一步优化流感的防控措施提供依据。方法收集2017年4月—2023年3月流感哨点监测数据并进行统计学分析。结果2017—2022年湛江市累计报告ILI 87946例,各年度ILI%在1.71%~3.53%之间,年均ILI%为2.55%;采集6518例ILI标本进行流感病毒核酸检测,其中阳性标本有782例,阳性率为12.00%,6个监测年度的阳性率分别为17.07%、18.75%、17.65%、0.18%、10.12%、8.70%;甲型H3N2检出率最高,其次是乙型Victoria系、甲型H1N1、乙型Yamagata系;流感呈现春季、夏季和冬季的流行规律,冬春季主要流行的是甲型H1N1和乙型Yamagata系,夏季主要流行的是甲型H3N2和乙型Victoria系;各年龄组阳性率总体差异有统计学意义,5~14岁年龄组最高(20.46%),其次是15~24岁(19.94%),最低的是0~4岁(6.68%);性别之间阳性率差异无统计学意义(P=0.903)。结论2017—2022年湛江市流感多发于春季、夏季和冬季,高发人群集中在5~24岁年龄组,应加强流感防控知识的宣传教育,提高接种疫苗的积极性。Objective To perform nucleic acid tests on influenza-like illness(ILI)cases in Zhanjiang City,Guangdong Province during 2017-2022,to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza,and to provide a basis for further optimizing influenza prevention and control measures.Method The monitoring data from influenza sentinel posts from April 2017 to March 2023 were collected and statistically analyzed.Results A total of 87,946 ILI cases were cumulatively reported in Zhanjiang City during 2017-2022,and the annual ILI%in the 6 monitored years ranged from 1.71%to 3.53%,with an average ILI%of 2.55%.6,518 samples of ILI were collected for influenza virus nucleic acid test,782 of which were positive,with the positive rate of 12.00%.The positive rates for each monitored year were 17.07%,18.75%,17.65%,0.18%,10.12%and 8.70%respectively.The detection rate of influenza A virus H3N2 was the highest(39.6%),followed by influenza B virus Victoria,influenza A virus H1N1 and influenza B virus Yamagata.There were three influenza epidemic peaks in spring,summer and winter.Influenza A virus H1N1 and influenza B virus Yamagata were mainly detected in spring and winter,while influenza A virus H3N2 and influenza B virus Victoria were prevalent in summer.There were statistically significant differences in the positive rates among different age groups,and the positive rate was found to be the highest in the group aged 5-14 years(20.46%),followed by the group aged 15-24 years(19.94%)and the group aged 0-4 years(6.68%).No statistically significant difference was found in the positive rates between males and females(P=0.903).Conclusion Influenza was common in spring,summer and winter in Zhanjiang City during 2017-2022.The high-incidence people were concentrated in the group aged 5-24 years.Therefore,it is essential to strengthen the publicity and education on knowledge about influenza prevention and control and improve the activity of vaccination.

关 键 词：流感 哨点监测 流感样病例 流行病学 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学] R183.3[医药卫生—临床医学]