手柄螺丝冷镦分析及参数优化  

Analysis on cold heading of handle screwand parameter optimization

作　　者：琚垚[1,2] Ju Yao(School of Transportation,Xinxiang Vocational and Technical College,Xinxiang 453000,China;Technical Services Department,Sumy National Agrarian University,Sumy 40021,Ukraine)

机构地区：[1]新乡职业技术学院交通学院,河南新乡453000 [2]乌克兰苏梅国立农业大学技术服务部,乌克兰苏梅40021

出　　处：《锻压技术》2024年第6期34-42,共9页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：2024年度河南省高等教育(高等职业教育类)教学改革研究与实践项目(273)。

摘　　要：为了解决一种手柄螺丝车削加工生产速度慢、材料利用率低的问题,设计了缩径、预镦、终成形的3工位冷镦成形工艺。通过Deform-3D完成了整个工艺过程的有限元建模,预测了成形结果,分析了工艺的合理性。并且为降低预镦及终成形工位的成形载荷,以满足成形要求为前提,利用正交试验法研究了预镦工位零件的上锥角、下锥角、头部下圆直径以及下锥面高度等关键尺寸参数对成形载荷的影响,并结合极差分析法进行了优化。优化后的参数为:上锥角为10°、下锥角为8°、头部下圆直径为Φ14.8 mm、下锥面高度为5.5 mm,两工位的成形载荷分别降低了22.2%和23.5%。最后,进行了手柄螺丝的实际成形试验,成形情况较好,通过显微组织分析,未检测出明显缺陷,其尺寸、性能均能满足厂家需求,说明该工艺可取代车削加工工艺。In order to solve the problem of slow production speed and low material utilization rate for a kind of handle screw in turning process,a three-station cold heading process of necking,pre-upsetting and final forming was designed,and the finite element modeling of the whole process was completed by Deform-3D to predict the forming results and analyse the rationality of the process.Then,in order to reduce the forming load of the pre-upsetting and final forming stations and meet the forming requirements,the influence of key dimensional parameters such as upper cone angle,lower cone angle,head lower circle diameter and lower cone height of the pre-upsetting station part on the forming load was studied by the orthogonal experimental method,and the optimization was carried out by range analysis method.The results show that the optimized parameters are as follows:the upper cone angle is 10°,the lower cone angle is 8°,the head lower cir-cle diameter is@14.8 mm,and the lower cone height is 5.5 mm,and the forming loads of the two stations are reduced by 22.2%and 23.5%respectively after optimization.Finally,the actual forming experiments are conducted on the handle screw,and the forming condi-tion is good.Through the microstructure analysis,no obvious defects are detected.Thus,its size and performance meet the requirements of manufacturer,which indicating that this process can replace the turning process.

关 键 词：手柄螺丝 冷镦成形 成形载荷 尺寸优化 显微组织 

分 类 号：TG316.3[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]