冷热环境下燃料电池客车热管理系统运行模式及特性研究  

Investigation of Operation Modes and Characteristics of Thermal Management System in a Fuel Cell Bus in Cold and Hot Environments

作　　者：李成宇 齐洪磊[2] 宋金香[2] 李龙飞 刘诗琪 裴少雯 吴光平 付志强[2] LI Chengyu;QI Honglei;SONG Jinxiang;LI Longfei;LIU Shiqi;PEI Shaowen;WU Guangping;FU Zhiqiang(School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,Shandong,China;Zhongtong Bus Holdings Co.,Ltd.,Liaocheng 252000,Shandong,China;North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学交通与车辆工程学院,山东淄博255000 [2]中通客车控股股份有限公司,山东聊城252000 [3]中北大学,太原030051

出　　处：《汽车工程学报》2024年第4期733-744,共12页Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering

基　　金：山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2020CXGC010405,2020CXGC010406)。

摘　　要：着眼于某款燃料电池客车的热管理及余热回收,构建了集成式整车热管理系统,提出9种热管理运行模式,基于AMESim建立整车热管理仿真模型,分析系统在高温、低温和极低温工况下的温控特性与能耗特性。结果表明,在环境温度为34、37、40℃的高温工况下,热管理系统可以使关键部件维持在适宜温度范围内,符合各自冷却需求;在环境温度为-10、-5、0、5℃的低温工况下,关键部件均可被满足其加热温控需求,考虑到余热回收座舱供暖,电堆和电机的余热量可满足-15℃及以上环境温度下车舱的制热需求,整车行驶能耗较纯PTC供暖最高可节省10.44%;在-30、-25、-20℃的极低温工况下,仅靠余热难以满足座舱加热需求,需通过PTC和余热联合供暖,PTC加热额外增加等效氢耗量分别为44.10、36.89、33.50g。Focusing on the thermal management and waste heat recovery of a fuel cell bus,an integrated vehicle thermal manage system is developed,and 9 corresponding operation modes are proposed.A simulation mode is established based on AMESim to analyze the temperature control characteristics and energy consumption of the system under high,low and extremely low temperature conditions.The results show that under high-temperature conditions of 34,37,40℃,the thermal manage system can maintain key components within an appropriate temperature range to meet their respective cooling requirements.Under low-temperature conditions of-10,-5,0,5℃,the thermal management system can meet the heating needs of the key components.Additionally,the waste heat from the fuel cell stack and motor can meet the cabin heating requirements when the ambient temperature is above-15℃.This can save up to 10.44%of the vehicle's driving energy consumption compared to using pure PTC for cabin heating.Under extreme cold conditions of-30,-25,-20℃,the waste heat alone is insufficient to meet the cabin heating demand,requiring the use of PTC for auxiliary heating.The additional equivalent hydrogen consumption for PTC heating is 44.10,36.89,33.5 g,respectively.

关 键 词：燃料电池客车 热管理系统 AMESIM 仿真建模 余热利用 

分 类 号：U469.722[机械工程—车辆工程]