湖南斜坡型地质灾害时空分布特征及其与降雨关系分析  

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Slope Geological Disasters in Hunan and Its Relationship with Rainfall

作　　者：黄骄文 陈龙 唐杰 刘红武 曾腊梅 王青霞 HUANG Jiaowen;CHEN Long;TANG Jie;LIU Hongwu;ZENG Lamei;WANG Qingxia(Hunan Meteorological Observatory,Changsha 410118,China;Key Laboratory of Preventing and Reducing Meteorological Disaster in Hunan Province,Changsha 410118,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省气象台,长沙410118 [2]气象防灾减灾湖南省重点实验室,长沙410118

出　　处：《河南科学》2024年第7期1028-1035,共8页Henan Science

基　　金：2023年中国气象局决策气象服务专项(JCZX2023008);2023年湖南自然资源厅应用研究项目。

摘　　要：利用2015—2021年湖南地质灾害信息数据和气象站降雨量资料,分析湖南斜坡型地质灾害时空分布特征,筛选降雨诱发的地质灾害,并分析地质灾害与降雨之间的关系.研究结果表明:①湖南地质灾害以滑坡为主,其次为崩塌和泥石流.②湖南中部地区地质灾害较多,主要发生在6月和7月,后半夜至上午和午后时段最易发生.③91.4%的斜坡型地质灾害与降雨有关,泥石流地质灾害与降雨的关系最为密切,其次为滑坡和崩塌地质灾害,降雨和非降雨诱发的地质灾害在空间分布上无明显差别.④地质灾害与不同时间尺度降雨量均存在一定的正相关关系,雨量越大,越易造成地质灾害,且雨量对地质灾害的影响具有明显的滞后效应.Based on the information data of geological disasters and rainfall data of meteorological stations in Hunan Province from 2015 to 2021,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of slope geological disasters in Hunan Province are analyzed,the geological disasters induced by rainfall are screened,and the relationship between geological disasters and rainfall is analyzed.The results show that landslide is the main geological disaster in Hunan,followed by collapse and debris flow.There are many geological disasters in the central part of Hunan,which mainly occur in June and July,and are most likely to occur from late midnight to morning and afternoon.91.4%of slope geological disasters are related to rainfall.Debris flow geological disasters are most closely related to rainfall,followed by landslide and collapse geological disasters.There is no significant difference in spatial distribution between rainfall-induced and non-rainfall-induced geological disasters.There is a certain positive correlation between geological disasters and rainfall at different time scales.The larger the rainfall,the more likely it is to cause geological disasters,and the influence of rainfall on geological disasters has obvious lag effect.

关 键 词：斜坡型地质灾害 时空分布 有效降雨 滞后效应 湖南 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]