凤丹花粉体外萌发规律探究  

Study on Pollen Germination Regularity of Fengdan in Vitro

作　　者：陈明 孙静 CHEN Ming;SUN Jing(Three Gorges Tourism Polytechnic College,Yichang,Hubei 443000;College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009)

机构地区：[1]三峡旅游职业技术学院,湖北宜昌443000 [2]扬州大学园艺园林学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《现代农业研究》2024年第7期80-85,共6页Modern Agriculture Research

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目“牡丹籽油α亚麻酸合成关键PsFADs基因的挖掘及作用机制研究”(项目编号:31600564)。

摘　　要：花粉的扫描电镜和透射电镜显示:花粉粒较宽有3条孔沟,膜上有明显的瘤状突起,花粉外壁有网状纹饰;花粉粒里有较多的蛋白质,花粉管有较多的线粒体。花粉离体培养的正交试验分析结果表明:凤丹花粉萌发率的影响因素依次为:硼酸>蔗糖>四水硝酸钙。当蔗糖浓度为10%、硼酸浓度为0.1%、四水硝酸钙浓度为0.1%、光照强度为5000 lx和萌发温度为25℃时萌发率最高,最高萌发率为85.9%;花粉在1 h萌发率为(9.0±2.5)%,1~2 h萌发率迅速提高,2 h萌发率为(66.9±2.3)%,4 h后萌发率趋于平稳,萌发率为(85.6±5.0)%,花粉管在20~40 min伸长较慢,之后迅速伸长,6 h后达(1527.1±253.7)μm,为其直径的31倍,且保持持续增长的趋势。Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope observation of pollen show that the pollen grains have three wide pores,obvious nodules on the membrane,and the outer wall of the pollen has reticular patterns;there are more proteins in the pollen grains,and there are more mitochondria in the pollen tube.Orthogonal test results of pollen in vitro culture showed that the influencing factors of pollen germination rate of‘Feng Dan’were:H3BO4>sucrose>Ca(NO_(3))_(2)·4H_(2)O.When the sucrose concentration was 10%,the H3BO4 concentration was 0.1%,and the Ca(NO_(3))_(2)·4H_(2)O concentration was 0.1%,The germination rate was the highest when the light intensity was 5000 lx and the germination temperature was 25℃,and the highest germination rate was 85.9%;the pollen germination rate at 1 h was(9.0±2.5)%,the germination rate at 1~2 h increased rapidly,and the germination rate at 2 h was(66.9±2.3)%,the germination rate tended to be stable after 4 h,and the germination rate was(85.6±5.0)%.The pollen tube extended slowly at 20~40 min,and then rapidly extended,reaching(1527.1±253.7)μm after 6 h,which was 31 times that of its diameter,and maintain a continuous growth trend.

关 键 词：凤丹花粉 萌发 双受精 

分 类 号：Q944.42[生物学—植物学]