金属阳离子与絮凝剂对高岭石沉降的影响研究  

Influence of Metal Cation and Flocculant on the Settlement of Kaolinite

作　　者：张晋霞 张梦飞 牛福生 程泽红 Zhang Jinxia;Zhang Mengfei;Niu Fusheng;Cheng Zehong(School of Mining Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan,Hebei 063200)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学矿业工程学院,河北唐山063200

出　　处：《非金属矿》2024年第4期12-16,共5页Non-Metallic Mines

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52374265);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(236Z4106G);河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2022209108)。

摘　　要：针对尾矿水中微细粒高岭石沉降困难的问题,使用尾矿水中常见的金属阳离子(Na^(+)、K^(+)、Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+))作为混凝剂,阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)作为絮凝剂进行混凝后的絮凝试验。结果表明,在p H值为中性,矿浆质量浓度为30 g/L条件下,K+最佳浓度为0.6 mol/L,Ca^(2+)最佳浓度为0.08 mol/L,CPAM用量为30 mg/L,沉降效果最佳。采用zeta电位测试、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)测试和接触角测试揭示金属阳离子的作用机理,与一价离子相比,二价离子具有更好的效果,二价离子能够更大幅度降低颗粒表面的zeta电位绝对值,减少颗粒表面羟基官能团,增大颗粒表面疏水性。CPAM能够显著提高沉降速率,但会导致较高的浊度,当金属阳离子与CPAM结合使用时,沉降速率和上清液浊度均呈现出较优的效果。Aiming at the difficulty of fine kaolinite settling in tailings water,common metal cations(Na^(+),K^(+),Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+))in tailings water were used as coagulants,and polyacrylamide(CPAM)was used as flocculants to conduct flocculation tests after coagulation.The results showed that under the condition of neutral pH,pulp concentration of 30 g/L,optimal concentration of K^(+)being 0.6 mol/L,optimal concentration of Ca^(2+)being 0.08 mol/L,and the dosage of CPAM was 30 mg/L,the settling effect was the best.zeta potential test,FTIR test and contact angle test were used to reveal the action mechanism of metal cations.Compared with univalent ions,bivalent ions have a better effect.Bivalent ions can significantly reduce the absolute value of zeta potential on the surface of particles,reduce the hydroxyl functional groups on the surface of particles,and increase the hydrophobicity of the surface of particles.CPAM can significantly improve the sedimentation rate,but it will lead to higher turbidity.When the metal cation is combined with CPAM,the sedimentation rate and the turbidity of the superliquid show better effects.

关 键 词：尾矿水 高岭石 金属阳离子 絮凝剂 沉降效果 作用机理 

分 类 号：TD926[矿业工程—选矿]