源流、派别、正变:《杜诗镜铨》对“杜甫诗学”的建构  

Origins,Schools,Orthodoxy and Innovation:The Construction of"Du Fu's Poetics"in Du Shi Jing Quan

作　　者：刘重喜[1] Liu Chongxi

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院

出　　处：《江苏社会科学》2024年第4期177-184,I0005,共9页Jiangsu Social Sciences

摘　　要：“杜甫诗学”是郭绍虞先生提出的一个概念,包括文学史和批评史两方面的含义。在古代杜甫诗集注本中,清代学者杨伦所著《杜诗镜铨》一书最能体现“杜甫诗学”思想。《杜诗镜铨》从文学史出发,通过对历代诗歌文本句法、章法、用典以及诗体风格的具体分析,细致地梳理出杜诗的“源流所出”和“派别所开”,全面彰显了杜诗“集大成”的文学史地位。从批评史出发,以传统诗论中的“正变”思想作为批评视角,以“变化而不失其正”的杜诗作为评判尺度,通过诠释“别裁伪体”和“清词丽句”,探索出以杜诗为核心的古代诗学史“正”与“变”的发展规律。研究“杜甫诗学”不仅可以进一步认清杜诗“集大成”的文学史意义,对于当前构建中国文学批评的话语体系也具有重要的启示。"Du Fu's Poetics"is a concept proposed by Professor Guo Shaoyu,encompassing aspects of both literary history and critical history.Among ancient annotated editions of Du Fu's poetry collections,Du Shi Jing Quan by Yang Lun,a scholar in the Qing dynasty,best embodies the notion of"Du Fu's Poetics".From the perspective of literary history,Du Shi Jing Quan meticulously traces the"origins"and"schools"of Du's poetry through detailed analysis of sentence structures,compositional techniques,allusions,and poetic styles across historical texts.This comprehensive approach highlights the position of Du Fu's poetry as a"brilliant pastiche"in literary history.From the standpoint of critical history,the work employs the traditional poeticconcept of"zheng bian"(orthodoxy and innovation)as a critical lens.Using Du Fu's poetry,which"innovates without losing orthodoxy",as a standard,it explores the developmental patterns of"orthodoxy"and"innovation"in ancient poetic history with Du's poetry at the core through interpreting"distinctive styles and unconventional forms"and"refined diction and beautiful phrases".Studying"Du Fu's Poetics"not only further clarifies the significance of Du's poetry as a"brilliant pastiche"in literary history but also provides important insights for constructing a contemporary discourse system of Chinese literary criticism.

关 键 词：杨伦 《杜诗镜铨》 杜甫诗学 源流 派别 正变 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]