旅游资源开发和社区异质化的双向驱动机制——以云南省环洱海地区为例  

Bidirectional mechanisms of tourism resource(re)development and community heterogeneity:A case study of Erhai Lake region,Yunnan province

作　　者：王思雅 孙九霞[1,2,3] WANG Si-ya;SUN Jiu-xia(School of Tourism Management,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Center for Leisure,Tourism and Social development,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Greater Bay Area Humanities Community,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学旅游学院,广州510275 [2]中山大学旅游休闲与社会发展研究中心,广州510275 [3]中山大学大湾区人文共同体重点实验室,广州510275

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2024年第7期1531-1547,共17页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：博士后科学基金项目(2023M733994);国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD190)。

摘　　要：现有旅游资源开发研究集中关注资源的经济属性及其对产品或产业的经济转化效应,较少关注资源的社会属性和社会效应。对云南省环洱海地区中具有不同旅游介入度的三个乡村社区进行比较研究,探讨旅游资源开发的社区异质化效应,以及旅游资源开发和社区异质化的双向驱动机制。研究发现:第一,区别于其他乡村资源开发模式,旅游资源开发使得同质性的村落共同体产生纵向上的经济异质化和横向上的群体异质化。第二,旅游资源开发和社区异质化产生双向驱动机制。一方面,旅游资源开发带来了资源价值的转化,从而形成“自然资源-社会资源”链接,带来了物质财富和人口群体的吸附。另一方面,社区异质化带来了资源利用主体的内部张力,形成了多元化和系统化的资源利用方式,从而促使资源类型整合和资源范畴拓展。在外部市场驱动和内部社区驱动的双重作用下旅游资源得以开发和再开发,呈现出价值转化效应和范畴拓展效应。Current research on tourism resource development predominantly focuses on the eco‐nomic attributes of resources and their economic transformation effects on products or industries,with limited attention to the social attributes and social effects of these resources.This paper conducts a comparative study of three rural communities in the circum-Erhai Lake region of Yunnan province with varying degrees of tourism involvement.The study explores the community heterogenization effects of tourism resource development and the bidirectional driving mechanisms between tourism resource development and community heterogenization.The research findings are as follows:Firstly,distinct from other rural resource development models,tourism resource development leads to both vertical economic heterogenization and horizontal group heterogenization among homogeneous village communities.Secondly,there is a bidirectional driving mechanism between tourism resource development and community heterogenization.On the one hand,tourism resource development brings about the transformation of resource value,establishing a link between"natural resources"and"social resources,"resulting in the attraction of material wealth and population groups.On the other hand,community heterogenization creates internal tension among resource users,fostering diversified and systematic resource utilization methods,thereby promoting the integration of resource types and the enlargement of resource categories.Under the dual influence of external market and internal community drivers,tourism resources are developed and redeveloped,exhibiting value amplification and category enlargement effects.

关 键 词：乡村旅游 社区异质化 资源链接 资源利用 社会效应 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]