北京市通州区学龄前儿童家长视力保健知信行现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis on knowledge,belief,and practice related to visual health care and their influencing factors among parents of preschool children in Tongzhou District,Beijing

作　　者：侯月云 牛贺 胡月 王荣环 牛丽文 鲍筝 HOU Yue-yun;NIU He;HU Yue;WANG Rong-huan;NIU Li-wen;BAO Zheng(Tongzhou District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Beijing 101100,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区妇幼保健院,北京101100

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2024年第5期451-454,466,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：北京市通州区科技计划(KJ2022CX056)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市通州区学龄前儿童家长对视力保健知识、信念和行为(知信行)现状并分析其影响因素,为开展视力保健健康教育提供参考依据。方法2022年3—8月采用分层整群抽样的方法选取北京市通州区11所托幼机构的2199名学龄前儿童,采用自行设计问卷,对学龄前儿童家长开展视力保健知信行问卷调查,采用多元线性回归分析知信行的影响因素。结果标化后知信行中位数总得分为0.89(0.83,0.94)分,其中知识中位数得分0.89(0.78,1.00)分、信念中位数得分0.98(0.94,1.00)分和行为中位数得分0.80(0.73,0.91)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,家长文化程度为本科/大专(β=-0.017)、硕士及以上(β=-0.022)、家庭人均月收入4000~元(β=-0.007)、>10000元(β=-0.010)、母亲有视力问题(β=-0.004)和父母双方均有视力问题(β=-0.005)者,视力保健知信行总分较高。结论北京市通州区学龄前儿童家长视力保健知信行水平不同,应结合人群特点有针对性地进行健康教育,提高家长对儿童视力的知信行水平。Objective To understand the current situation of knowledge,belief,and practice(KAP)related to visual health care and their influencing factors among parents of preschool children in Tongzhou District of Beijing,and to provide reference basis for carrying out visual health education.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 11 childcare institutions in Tongzhou District,Beijing.A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct a survey among 2199 parents of preschool children on their KAP related to visual health care.A multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of KAP.Results After standardized the KAP scores of parents of preschool children,the total median score was 0.89(0.83,0.94),knowledge median score 0.89(0.78,1.00),belief median score 0.98(0.94,1.00),and behavior median score 0.80(0.73,0.91).The results of multiple linear analysis showed that the parents who had bachelor's/college degree(β=-0.017),or master's degree or above(β=-0.022),or per capita monthly income above 4000(β=-0.007),or per capita monthly income of over 10000(β=-0.010),or the mother having vision problems(β=-0.004)or both parents having vision problems(β=-0.005)had higher total score of KAP in visual health care.Conclusion The parents of preschool children in Tongzhou District with different demography characteristics have different levels of KAP related to visual health care.The whole society should carry out targeted eye health education in combination with the characteristics of the population in order to improve the parents'KAP of children's vision.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 视力保健 知信行 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]