煤矸石综合利用技术现状与标准体系研究  

Research on comprehensive utilization technology and standard system of coal gangue

作　　者：潘硕 胡雨晴 王海燕[1,3] 于家琳 刘青松 PAN Shuo;HU Yuqing;WANG Haiyan;YU Jialin;LIU Qingsong(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Water Resources and Environment,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;National Joint Research Center for Ecological Conservation and High Quality Development of the Yellow River Basin,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京100083 [3]国家黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究中心,北京100012

出　　处：《中国矿业》2024年第7期89-98,共10页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：“黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究”项目资助(编号:2022-YRUC-01-0302)。

摘　　要：煤矸石是煤炭开采和选煤过程中产生的主要废弃物,在我国西北地区产生量巨大。由于缺乏有效的综合利用,大量煤矸石无法消纳,只能就地堆存,占用了大量土地资源的同时也带来环境污染和生态破坏的风险,因此,探索建立煤矸石的综合利用技术体系,并配套完善的技术标准体系至关重要。本文对我国近十年来煤矸石产生和利用情况进行分析,并调研当前国内煤矸石综合利用技术现状和标准体系,分析总结出制约我国煤矸石综合利用技术发展存在的问题,包括无法支撑大规模消纳需求、缺乏技术标准体系支撑、技术区域特征明显、不利于复制推广等;针对技术推广过程中缺乏技术规范及标准的情况,总结当前煤矸石综合利用领域标准现状,提出当前标准体系中存在的问题,包括缺乏污染防控标准体系、缺乏综合利用技术规范等。通过上述分析,为煤矸石综合利用行业提出相应的建议,旨在为煤矸石综合利用技术体系的发展方向和标准体系的完善提供参考和借鉴,以实现煤矸石更加高效、安全和环保的综合利用。Coal gangue is a kind of significant byproduct during coal mining and coal preparation processes.Due to the lack of effective comprehensive utilization methods,a large amount of coal gangue cannot be effectively utilized and can only be stored on-site,especially in the northwest region of China.The storage on-site occupies lots of land resources,and also causes severe environmental pollution and ecological damage.Therefore,it is crucial to explore and establish a comprehensive utilization technology system for coal gangue,as well as to improve the corresponding technical standards system.This paper analyzes the production and utilization of coal gangue in China over the past decade and investigates the current domestic technology and standard systems for the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue,which summarizes the existing problems that hinder the comprehensive utilization technology system for coal gangue in China.These problems include the inability to satisfy large-scale disposal demands,the lack of support from a technical standards system and the significant regional technological characteristics.To address the current deficiencies of technical specifications and standards during the technology promotion process,this paper summarizes the current status of standards in the field of comprehensive utilization of coal gangue and identifies the problems within the existing standard system,which include the absence of a pollution prevention and control standards system,as well as the lack of comprehensive utilization technology specifications,this paper offers corresponding suggestions for the coal gangue comprehensive utilization industry.The objective is to provide reference and guidance for the development direction of the technology system and the improvement of the standard system for the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue,ultimately achieving a more efficient,safe,and environmental utilization of coal gangue friendly.

关 键 词：煤矸石 环境管理 综合利用 政策法规 环境标准 

分 类 号：TD849.5[矿业工程—煤矿开采] X752[矿业工程—矿山开采]