生物炭用量对土壤速效钾含量和烟叶钾吸收的长期效应  

Long term effects of biochar rate on soil available potassium content and potassium uptake in tobacco leaves

作　　者：李彩斌 张久权[2] 何轶 周翔[3] 侯晓燕 李鹏志 王玉川 LI Cai-bin;ZHANG Jiu-quan;HE Yi;ZHOU Xiang;HOU Xiao-yan;LI Peng-zhi;WANG Yu-chuan(Bijie Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province,Bijie Guizhou 551700;Tobacco Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao Shandong 266101;Yichang Tobacco Company of Hubei Province,Yichang Hubei 443000)

机构地区：[1]贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司,贵州毕节551700 [2]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101 [3]湖北省烟草公司宜昌市公司,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第5期89-95,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司项目(2022520500240197)。

摘　　要：为了探明生物炭施用量对土壤和烤烟钾的长期效应,在贵州省毕节市开展了5年的田间定位试验。采用单因素(生物炭用量0、5、15、20、40 t/hm^(2))随机区组设计,结果表明:生物炭施用后的首年对土壤速效钾含量的增加效果最大,2种土壤上增幅分别为664.21%和223.09%,随后趋于稳定,5年平均增幅分别为82.36%和39.80%。当生物炭用量分别为15、20、40 t/hm时,两种土壤上速效钾含量5年平均分别显著提高72.2%和127.3%、251.1%和22.3%、31.9%和47.6%。同时,烟叶钾含量也显著增加,增幅分别为18.2%和18.4%。综合来看,生物炭用量为15 t/hm^(2)对提高土壤速效钾和初烤烟叶钾含量效果最佳。总之,适量施用生物炭能显著提高土壤速效钾含量和增加初烤烟叶钾含量。In order to investigate the long-term effects of biochar application rate on soil available potassium and tobacco potassium contents,two 5-year positional experiments were conducted in Bijie City,Guizhou Province.A randomized block design with single factor(biochar application rate at 0,5,15,20,40 t/hm^(2))was used in this study.The results showed that the increment in soil available potassium content was the highest in the first year after biochar application,which was 664.21%and 223.09%in two soils,respectively,and then stabilized,with a 5-year average of 82.36%and 39.80%,respectively.Compared with the control(no biochar),5-year average increase of available potassium content was 72.2%and 127.3%,251.1%and 22.3%,31.9%,47.6%for the two soils,respectively,when the biochar application rate was 15,20 and 40 t/hm^(2).In the meantime,total potassium content in tobacco leaves increased by 18.2%and 18.4%for the two soils,respectively.The results of these 5-year field experiments showed that the best biochar application rate was 15 t/hm^(2) for these two soils in order to increase the soil available potassium content and cured leaf potassium content.In conclusion,the application of biochar could significantly increase the soil available potassium content and cured leaf potassium content.

关 键 词：生物炭 烤烟 钾 黄壤 黄棕壤 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S156[农业科学—作物学]