不同肥力条件下添加黄腐酸对土壤细菌多样性、甘蓝养分吸收及产量的影响  

Effects of fulvic acid on the soil bacterial diversity,nutrient utilization and yield of cabbage under different fertility conditions

作　　者：王玉琪 张泽锦 梁颖[1,2] 唐丽 李如龙 WANG Yu-qi;ZHANG Ze-jin;LIANG Ying;TANG Li;LI Ru-long(Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Vegetables,Pengzhou Sichuan 611934;Horticulture Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu Sichuan 610066;School of Geography and Resource Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu Sichuan 610066;Administrative Committee of Minjiang Modern Agriculture Demonstration Park,Dongpo District,Meishan Sichuan 620000)

机构地区：[1]四川省蔬菜工程技术研究中心,四川彭州611934 [2]四川省农业科学院园艺研究所,蔬菜种质与品种创新四川省重点实验室,四川成都610066 [3]四川师范大学地理与资源科学学院,四川成都610066 [4]四川省眉山市东坡区岷江现代农业示范园区管理委员会,四川眉山620000

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第5期96-102,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：“十四五”四川省蔬菜育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0022);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川蔬菜创新团队[川农函(2019)427号]。

摘　　要：为探究不同肥力条件下添加黄腐酸对土壤细菌多样性、甘蓝养分吸收和产量的影响,试验以甘蓝‘优贝特’品种为研究材料,共设置4个处理:施底肥+黄腐酸(H-FA)、施底肥(H-CK)、不施底肥+黄腐酸(L-FA)、不施底肥(L-CK),1株甘蓝总计施入黄腐酸30 mg。结果表明,黄腐酸的施用和肥力对土壤细菌的物种丰富度和群落多样性无显著影响,但添加黄腐酸提高了解磷细菌和促生细菌的相对丰度。施底肥条件下,添加黄腐酸能显著提高氮和磷的生理利用效率,H-FA处理氮和磷生理利用效率分别为(341.00±8.34)和(2296.98±47.49)kg·kg^(-1),分别为H-CK处理的1.11和1.07倍。未施底肥条件下,添加黄腐酸后植株地上部氮、磷、钾积累量均高于对照。添加黄腐酸显著提高了甘蓝地上部和地下部鲜重,施底肥条件下,与对照相比分别增加了15.8%和20.7%,未施底肥条件下,与对照相比分别增加了16.2%和7.7%。因此,黄腐酸通过促进甘蓝根系生长,从而促进甘蓝产量的增加,添加黄腐酸是实现减肥不减产的有效措施。In order to explore the effects of adding fulvic acid under different fertility conditions on soil bacterial diversity,nutrient absorption,and yield of cabbage,the cabbage variety‘Youbeite’was used as the research material.A total of 4 treatments were set up in the experiment:Base fertilizer application+fulvic acid(H-FA),Base fertilizer application(H-CK),No application of base fertilizer+fulvic acid(L-FA),No application of base fertilizer(L-CK).A total of 30 mg of fulvic acid was applied to per cabbage plant.The application of fulvic acid and the level of fertility did not significantly affect the species richness and community diversity of soil bacteria,but the addition of fulvic acid improved the relative abundance of phosphorus bacteria and growth promoting bacteria.Under the condition of applying base fertilizer,adding fulvic acid significantly improved the physiological utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus.The physiological utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus in H-FA was(341.00±8.34)and(2296.98±47.49)kg·kg^(-1),respectively,which was 1.11 and 1.07 times than that of H-CK,respectively.Under the condition of not applying base fertilizer,the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in the aboveground part of the plant after adding fulvic acid was higher than that of the control.The addition of humic acid significantly increased the fresh weight of the aboveground and underground parts of cabbage.Under the condition of applying base fertilizer,it increased by 15.8%and 20.7%,compared to the control,respectively.Under the condition of not applying base fertilizer,it increased by 16.2%and 7.7%,compared to the control,respectively.In conclusion,fulvic acid can promote the growth of cabbage roots,thereby increasing cabbage yield.Adding humic acid is an effective measure to reduce fertilizer input without reducing cabbage yield.

关 键 词：黄腐酸 甘蓝 细菌多样性 养分吸收 产量 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S635[农业科学—农业基础科学]