住培医师文化休克现象的调查与对策研究  

Investigation and Countermeasure on the Cultural Shock of Resident Training Physicians

作　　者：廖宗敏 刘建 谢崇伟 刘文瑛 谭利明 李茵 姚翔 季琳 陈刚 彭奕华 Liao Zongmin(Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University Medical College,Shaoguan,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]广东省韶关市汕头大学医学院附属粤北人民医院,广东韶关512026 [2]重庆市九龙坡区人民医院 [3]广东省韶关市第一人民医院

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2024年第7期830-833,共4页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目“Gabarapl1-Hippo通路介导激素依赖性前列腺癌发生发展的机制和作用研究”(2023A1515010253);广东省教育厅临床教学基地教学改革研究项目“基于多模态数字医学技术的CBL法在肝胆外科临床教学中的应用研究”(2023204);韶关市支持科研工作者项目“住培医师文化休克现象的调查与对策研究”(230329188031912)。

摘　　要：目的:研究住培医师文化休克现象与对策,提升住培教学的质量。方法:从本院新报到的住培医师中随机抽取100名为研究对象,调查住培医师毕业后从学校进入医院学习是否存在文化休克现象,以及各种文化休克的占比,科学地分析影响住培医师文化休克的因素。最后对存在的问题提出相应对策并实施。计数资料的统计学方法使用卡方检验,对各变量的相关性采用简单分析。结果:住培医师文化休克阳性率达69%,并且,5种类型均有涉及。外地入培的住培医师文化休克阳性比率明显高于当地入培的住培医师。住培医师文化休克与寻求朋友的帮助意愿、遇困难冷静程度、教学计划的完成、新学习模式的适应性、地理环境的适应性及寻求家人的陪伴6个因素相关。所以本研究针对这些因素,通过客观和主观两个方面探讨了相应的解决的策略。措施实施4个月后,住培医师文化休克比例降低为28%(P<0.05)。结论:住培医师在培训期间面临着不同程度、不同类型的文化休克,严重危害其身心健康,影响其培训的效果。培训单位要从加强岗前培训,提升教学能力和引进激励机制等方面提供保障措施以及帮助其建立良好的社会支持,提高住培医师自身抗文化休克的能力两方面帮助其解决文化休克,使其顺利完成培训。Objective To study the issue and countermeasures of cultural shock among resident training physicians,and improve the quality of resident training.Methods 100 resident training physicians were randomly selected from the newly registered residents as the research subjects to investigate whether there is cultural shock among resident training physicians who entered the hospital after graduation,the proportion of various cultural shock,and the factors causing cultural shock among resident and training physicians.Chi square test was used to analyze the correlation among various variables.Results The positive rate of cultural shock among resident physicians reached 69%,and all the five types were involved.The positive rate of cultural shock among residents trained in other places was significantly higher than that of residents trained locally.Cultural shock among resident physicians is related to six factors of willingness to seek help from friends,level of calmness when encountering difficulties,completion of teaching plans,adaptability to new learning modes,adaptability to geographical environment,and seeking family companionship.After four months of implementing countermeasures from both objective and subjective perspectives,the proportion of cultural shock among resident physicians decreased to 28%(P<0.05).Conclusion Resident training physicians face various degrees and types of cultural shock during the training period,which seriously endangers their physical and mental health and affects the effectiveness of their training.Training hospitals should provide guarantees and implementation from various aspects such as strengthening pre-job training,improving teaching abilities,and introducing incentive mechanisms,as well as helping them establish good social support,and improving the ability of resident training physicians to resist cultural shock,in order to help them solve cultural shock and complete training smoothly.

关 键 词：住培医师 文化休克 对策 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]