中国6省不同出生年代父母的近视情况对其3~9岁子女近视的影响分析  

Association of myopia between parental generation and their offspring aged 3 to 9 years in six provinces in China

作　　者：高振珊 李婷婷 张向林 杨凤 周攀峰 曹钰璇 刘锋 陶舒曼 许韶君[1,2] 伍晓艳 陶芳标[1,2] GAO Zhen-shan;LI Ting-ting;ZHANG Xiang-lin;YANG Feng;ZHOU Pan-feng;CAO Yu-xuan;LIU Feng;TAO Shu-man;XU Shao-jun;WU Xiao-yan;TAO Fang-biao(Department of Maternal,Child and Adolescent Health,School of Public Health.Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,安徽合肥230032 [2]出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/环境与人口健康安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2024年第6期487-492,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2702100,2021YFC2702105);安徽省科技创新平台重大科技项目(202305a12020015);国家自然科学基金(82273653)。

摘　　要：目的了解不同出生年代的父母及其3~9岁子女的近视情况,分析父母近视程度对其子女近视的影响,为未来近视防控工作的开展提供参考依据。方法于2023年3-7月,在本项目组调查范围覆盖的全国6省中,采用非概率抽样方法抽取22158名3~9岁儿童及其父母开展近视防控相关调查。采用χ^(2)_(趋势)检验比较不同出生年代父母的近视和中高度近视差异,采用二元Logistic回归模型分析不同出生年代父母近视程度对其子女近视的影响。结果父亲和母亲的总体近视率分别为37.3%和45.0%,其3~9岁儿子和女儿的总体近视率分别为19.0%和20.0%。其中,1985-1989年出生的父亲和母亲的近视率最高,分别为40.8%和48.3%;1995-1999年出生的父亲的近视率最低,为26.6%;1970-1974年出生的母亲的近视率最低,为17.9%。调整后的二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,以不同年代出生的未近视的父亲为参照组,1975-1979年、1980-1984年、1985-1989年、1990-1994年出生的患轻度近视和中高度近视的父亲影响其子女发生近视的风险更高,OR值分别为1.55、1.62、1.35、1.46、1.30、1.74、1.41和1.42;以不同年代出生的未近视的母亲为参照,1970-1974年出生的患轻度近视的母亲、1975-1979年出生的患中高度近视的母亲,以及1980-1984年、1985-1989年、1990-1994年出生的患轻度近视和中高度近视的母亲影响其子女发生近视的风险更高,OR值分别为9.37、1.56、1.49、1.89、1.45、1.77、1.33、1.74、1.56、1.67(P<0.05)。结论近视的遗传性相对稳定,但不同时代背景下的环境变化影响个体近视的机制不同,因此父母应高度重视处于发育关键期的低龄子女的近视预防工作,通过科学的干预措施以延缓其近视的发生发展。Objective To investigate the prevalence of myopia in children aged 3 to 9 years and their parents in different birth generations,and to analyze the influence of parental myopia in different generations on the myopia of their children for providing reference for prevention and control of myopia in the future.Methods Relying on local centers for Disease Control and Prevention or education bureaus,a survey on myopia prevention and control among children aged 3-9 years and their parents was conducted in six provinces,including Liaoning Province,Jiangsu Province,Hunan Province,Anhui Province,Guangdong Province and Jiangxi Province.The Chi-square trend test was used to analyze the parents'myo-pia and medium and high myopia in different generations,and the binary ordered logistic regression model was used to ana-lyze the influence of parents'myopia degree in different generations on children's myopia.Results The overall myopia rates of fathers and mothers were 37.3%and 45.0%,respectively.The overall myopia rates of their sons and daughters aged 3-9 years were 19.0%and 20.0%,respectively.Among them,parents born between 1985 and 1989 had the highest rates of myopia,at 40.8%and 48.3%respectively.Fathers born between 1995 and 1999 had the lowest myopia rate at 26.6%,mothers born between 1970 and 1974 had the lowest myopia rate at 17.9%.Taking fathers born in different decades without myopia as the reference group,adjusted binary ordered logistic regression analysis showed that fathers who were born in 1975-1979,1980-1984,1985-1989,and 1990-1994 and had mild myopia or moderate to high myopia increased the risk of myopia in their children,the 0R values were 1.55,1.62,1.35,1.46,1.30,1.74,1.41 and 1.42 respectively.Taking mothers who were born in different decades without myopia as the reference group,mothers who were born in 1970-1974 and had mild myopia,mothers who were born in 1975-1979 and had moderate to high myopia,and mothers who were born in 1980-1984,1985-1989,and 1990-1994 and had mild myopia or moderate to high myopi

关 键 词：出生年代 父母近视 儿童近视 严重程度 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]