家庭采光照明环境和用眼行为与儿童近视的病例对照研究  

A case-control study on the association of home lighting environment and eye behavior with childhood myopia

作　　者：周攀峰 李婷婷 陶舒曼 牟星月 曹钰璇 江唐军 刘雅 仲爱梅[3] 陶芳标[1,2] 伍晓艳 ZHOU Pan-feng;LI Ting-ting;TAO Shu-man;MOU Xing-yue;CAO Yu-xuan;JIANG Tang-jun;LIU Ya;ZHONGAi-mei;TAO Fang-biao;WU Xiao-yan(Department of Maternal,Child and Adolescent Health,School of Public Health,AnhuiMedicalUniversity,Hefei 230032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,安徽合肥230032 [2]出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/环境与人口健康安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230032 [3]江苏东台市妇幼保健院儿童青少年近视防控中心,江苏盐城2242003

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2024年第6期499-503,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2702100,2021YFC2702105);国家自然科学基金(82273653)。

摘　　要：目的了解儿童家庭采光照明环境现况并分析其与近视的关联,为儿童近视防控提供科学依据。方法对江苏省东台市2所小学的151名儿童进行病例对照研究,根据散瞳验光结果将儿童分为近视组和对照组,实地测量儿童家庭采光照明环境。采用χ^(2)检验、二元Logistic回归模型分析家庭采光照明环境与儿童近视之间的关联。结果单因素分析结果表明,近视组儿童平均每天看电视时间<0.5 h的比例(85.7%)高于对照组(71.6%),近视组儿童读写距离<30 cm的比例(50.8%)高于对照组(21.6%),近视组儿童桌面照度均匀度(台灯+顶灯)≥0.7的比例(39.7%)低于对照组(70.5%)(P<0.05)。调整混杂因素后的二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,以读写距离≥30 cm为参照组,读写距离<30 cm的儿童近视的风险较高,OR值为3.73(95%CI:1.74~8.02);以桌面照度均匀≥0.7为参照组,桌面照度均匀度<0.7的儿童近视的风险较高,OR值为3.32(95%CI:1.61~6.84)(P<0.05)。结论家庭采光照明环境和用眼行为均与儿童近视存在关联,儿童青少年近视预防控制应重点关注家庭层面因素。Objective To understand the current status of children's home lighting environment and analyze its as-sociation with myopia,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of myopia in children.MethodsA case-control study was conducted on 151 children from two elementary school in Dongtai City of Jiangsu Province.The chil-dren were divided into myopic and control groups according to the results of dilated pupil optometry,and the children's home lighting environment was measured.The association between home lighting environment and myopia was analyzed byχ^(2)test and binary logistic regression.Results The results of univariate analysis showed that the proportion of children with watching TV<0.5 h per day in the myopia group(85.7%)was higher than that in the control group(71.6%),the proportion of children in the myopia group who read and wrote at a distance of<30 cm(50.8%)was higher than that in the control group(21.6%),and the proportion of children in the myopic group who had desktop illuminance homogeneity(desk lamp+overhead lamp)≥0.7(39.7%)was lower than that in the control group(70.5%)(P<0.05).Binary Logistic re-gression analysis after adjusting for confounding factors showed that children with reading and writing distance<30 cm had a higher risk of myopia with an OR value of 3.73(95%Cl:1.74-8.02),compared to reading and writing distance≥30 cm as the reference group.Taking desktop llumination uniformity≥0.7 as the reference group,children with desktop illumination uniformity<0.7 had higher risk of myopia with an OR value of 3.32(95%Cl:1.61-6.84)(P<0.05).Conclusion Home lighting environment and eye behavior are associated with childhood myopia,and the prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents should focus on family-level factors.

关 键 词：近视 儿童青少年 家庭采光照明 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]