从反文化到文化同化:日本大麻管制政策演变的历程与启示  

From Counter-Culture Movement to Cultural Assimilation:Japan's Cannabis Control Policy Evolution and Its Implications

作　　者：郭一禛 GUO Yizhen

机构地区：[1]广西警察学院治安学院 [2]广西警察学院中国-东盟禁毒研究中心,南宁530022

出　　处：《公安学研究》2024年第2期103-122,124,共21页Journal of Public Security Science

摘　　要：全球大麻政策呈现出割裂的态势,欧美国家倡导的“合法化”似乎已经成为不可忽视也难以阻却的趋势,但在大多数的国家和地区,大麻的管制依旧严格。东亚的大麻管制政策与西方大相径庭,这一现象既是当下毒品管制策略的延续,也是文化和历史因素影响的结果,但东亚国家对大麻的认知与管制政策同样受到文化全球化所带来的冲击和挑战。在日本,反文化群体通过长年累月“自下而上”的自由化运动,影响了普通民众对大麻的认知,最终促成厚生劳动省修订《大麻取缔法》并重构了日本的大麻管制政策。日本反文化群体推动的大麻合法化运动的本质,是全球化过程中政治权力处于主导地位的西方对非主导地位国家的文化进行同化的过程。作为经济全球化重要参与国,我国需要警惕全球范围内大麻自由化思潮的扩散对我国文化主权的塑造与维护造成的影响。While cannabis has been legalized in some western countries,East Asian countries maintain strict control over cannabis.Nevertheless,the cannabis control policy in East Asian countries is facing significant challenges posed by cultural globalization.In Japan,counter-culture groups have influenced the general public's perception of cannabis through the“bottom-up”movement,which led to amended Marijuana Prohibition Law by the Ministry of Health,Labour,and Welfare of Japan.Japan's policies of controlling cannabis were also readjusted.The process of cannabis legalization,in essence,is the process where western dominant countries in political power assimilate non-dominant countries.As an active participator in globalization,China should be aware of the influence of the global trend of cannabis liberation on shaping and maintaining its cultural sovereignty.

关 键 词：日本 文化同化 反文化社会运动 大麻管制 禁毒政策 

分 类 号：D731.389[政治法律—政治学]