台湾海峡军事斗争中的人道法实践:回顾与展望  

On the Practice of Humanitarian Law in Military Struggles in the Taiwan Strait:Retrospect and Prospect

作　　者：刘文戈[1,2] 李致远 Liu Wenge;Li Zhiyuan(Graduate Institute for Taiwan Studies,Xiamen University;Collaborative Innovation Center for Peaceful Development of Cross Strait Relation/Center for Taiwan Studies of Xiamen University/Center for studies of Hong Kong/Macao and the Taiwan region)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学台湾研究院 [2]厦门大学两岸关系和平发展协同创新中心、台湾研究中心、港澳台研究中心

出　　处：《台海研究》2024年第2期70-83,共14页Cross-Taiwan Strait Studies

摘　　要：军事斗争是解决台湾问题的重要手段和保障,涉及国内与国际两种法律性质,应做好相关法律准备。我国缔结的国际条约和现行法律法规中与人道法相衔接的内容明确了台湾海峡军事斗争中应遵循的人道法规则。党领导历次台湾海峡军事斗争均模范实施人道法,彰显了动用国家武装力量捍卫国家主权和领土完整的正当性与合法性。新时代台湾海峡军事斗争呈现新的特点,面临新的人道法问题。在遵循新时代党解决台湾问题的总体方略要求下,应明确区分台湾问题的国内因素与国际因素,重视在军事威慑行动中落实人道法规则,细化和完善武装冲突发生时保护平民生命财产安全的法律措施,并针对“台独”分裂势力和外部干涉势力在武装冲突中违反人道法的行为做好法律斗争准备。The military struggle is an important means,and also a guarantee for resolving the Taiwan question,which involves both domestic and international legal nature and requires corresponding preparations in terms of law.The international treaties into which Chinese mainland has entered and the existing laws and regulations consistent with humanitarian law clearly define the rules that should be followed in the military struggles in the Taiwan Strait.Under the leadership of the CPC,successive military struggles in the Taiwan Strait have exemplified the implementation of humanitarian law,demonstrating the legitimacy and legality of using national armed forces to defend national sovereignty and territorial integrity.In the new era,the Taiwan Strait’s military struggles present new characteristics and face new humanitarian law issues.In compliance with the Party’s overall policy for resolving the Taiwan question in the new era,a clear distinction should be made between domestic and international factors in the Taiwan question,emphasis should be placed on the implementation of the rules of humanitarian law in the context of military deterrence operations,and the legal measures for protecting the lives and property of civilians in an armed struggle should be refined and perfected.At the same time,preparations should also be made for legal struggles against violations of humanitarian law by the“Taiwan independence”separatist forces and the foreign intervening forces in an armed struggle.

关 键 词：台湾问题 军事斗争 人道法 不承诺放弃使用武力 

分 类 号：D675.8[政治法律—政治学] D995[政治法律—中外政治制度] D920.0