城市规模分布中的最大城市规模塌陷现象研究  

SIZE COLLAPSE OF THE LARGEST CITIES IN CITY SIZE DISTRIBUTION AND THE INFLUENCING FACTORS

作　　者：王言言 孙斌栋 张婷麟[1,2,3] WANG Yan-yan;SUN Bin-dong;ZHANG Ting-lin(Research Center for China Administrative Division,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Future City Lab,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;School of Geographic Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国行政区划研究中心,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学未来城市实验室,上海200241 [3]华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海200241

出　　处：《人文地理》2024年第3期105-112,共8页Human Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(23ZDA049)。

摘　　要：人口规模最大的城市在国家社会经济发展中起着至关重要的作用,以往关于最大城市规模相对整体城市规模分布塌陷的深入分析严重缺乏。本文使用1975—2015年全球人类定居区图层的人口和建成区数据,采用一致的城市定义,对100多个国家的国家最大城市规模塌陷的程度、原因以及机制进行了探究。研究发现:全世界约三分之一的国家存在最大城市规模塌陷的现象,且随最大城市规模增加,塌陷程度先减弱后增强,反映了集聚经济与集聚不经济的此消彼长;先进交通技术的应用可以抵消集聚不经济力量进而减弱最大城市的塌陷程度,但随着城市规模持续增长,超过了交通设施的承载力,城市规模塌陷程度还会进一步增强。研究发现支持了最大城市规模塌陷是源于集聚不经济的存在以及一定时期内大城市技术经济和管理能力限制的假说。Metropolises,especially the largest part of them,play a vital role in the national development.However,in-depth analyses focusing on the relative collapse of the largest cities compared to the overall city size distribution are severely lacking.Based on the population and build-up data of the Global Human Settlement Layers from 1975 to 2015 and applying the unified definition of cities,this paper explores the extent,causes and mechanism of the size collapse of the largest cities in more than 100 countries.The results show that the sizes of the largest cities in a third of the countries in the world are collapsed,that is lower than its simulated value based on the overall city size distribution.With the increase of the largest cities' sizes,the extent of col-lapse first deceases and then increases as a result of the dynamic equilibrium between agglomeration economy and agglomeration diseconomy.The application of advanced transportation technology can reduce the size collapse extent of the largest cities.But with the continuous growth of city sizes and exceeding the capacity of transportation technology,the collapse extent of the city sizes will be further enhanced.The findings support the hypothesis that the collapse of maximum city size is attributed to the presence of agglomeration diseconomies and constraints from the technological,economic,and managerial capabilities of large cities within a certain period.

关 键 词：城市规模分布 位序规模法则 首位城市 集聚不经济 地铁 

分 类 号：K902[历史地理—人文地理学]