大连地区某流域河段底栖动物监测与评价  

作　　者：施巍 刘子成 石文静 王中卫 吕昕 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省大连生态环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连产品质量检验检测研究院有限公司,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《环境保护与循环经济》2024年第7期67-71,共5页environmental protection and circular economy

基　　金：辽宁省生态环境厅2020年度生态环境科研计划“基于底栖动物大连地区重点水库、河流生态健康监测与评价研究”;辽宁省生态环境厅2021年度生态环境科研计划“大连地区淡水底栖动物DNA条形码数据库构建研究”。

摘　　要：2020年9月(平水期)和2021年4月(枯水期)对大连地区某流域河段底栖动物进行了调查,并运用生物多样性指数和均匀度指数对群落组成进行了分析。调查及分析结果表明:该流域河段底栖动物隶属于2门4纲,其中,2020年9月(平水期)共采集到节肢动物36种、环节动物2种;2021年4月(枯水期)共采集到节肢动物14种、环节动物2种。平水期该流域河段的优势物种为苏氏尾鳃蚓,其次为中华齿米虾;枯水期该流域河段的优势物种为苏氏尾鳃蚓。该流域河段各断面生物多样性水平整体较低,枯水期多样性指数介于1.22~2.07之间,平水期介于0.99~2.76之间。该流域河段不同断面整体生物种类分布均匀性较差,枯水期均匀度指数介于0.33~0.46之间,平水期介于0.26~0.50之间。各断面水体均存在一定程度的生物多样性问题。Benthos in a river reach in Dalian were investigated in September 2020(normal water period)and April 2021(dry water period),and the community composition was analyzed by using biodiversity and evenness indexes.The investigation and analysis results show that the benthos in this reach belong to 2 phyla and 4 classes,of which 36 species of arthropods and 2 species of annelids were collected in September 2020(normal water period);in April 2021(dry season),14 species of arthropods and 2 species of annelids were collected.The dominant species in the river basin of this reach in normal water period are mainly Branchiura sowerbyi,followed by Neocaridina denticulata sinensis.In the dry season,the dominant species in this reach are mainly Branchiura sowerbyi.The overall biodiversity level of the watershed system at each section of the reach is low,and the diversity index in dry season is between 1.22-2.07.The level water period is between 0.99-2.76.The distribution uniformity of biological species in different sections of the river basin system is poor,in which the evenness index in dry season is between 0.33-0.46 and in normal season is between 0.26-0.50.There are some problems on diversity in the water body of each section basin.

关 键 词：底栖动物 群落结构 多样性指数 均匀度指数 生物密度 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]