对抗性话语的底层概念及研究方法  

On Underlying Concepts and Research Methods of Confrontation Discourse

作　　者：卫乃兴[1] 张毓[1] WEI Naixing;ZHANG Yu

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学外国语学院,北京100191

出　　处：《外语研究》2024年第4期1-8,15,F0003,共10页Foreign Languages Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“基于动态语料库的重大突发事件对外话语策略研究”(编号:20BYY081)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：国际地缘政治场域中错综复杂的矛盾与利益冲突已投射、产生一种新的频繁显现的话语方式——对抗性话语。本文从梳理哲学中的“矛盾”概念开始,然后系统讨论对抗性话语的界定特征及实证研究方法。研究揭示,毛泽东论述的对抗性矛盾是现今对抗性话语最重要和最直接的哲学概念基础,而维特根斯坦的语言游戏论可为对抗性话语研究提供分析工具。文章继而从话语动因、目标受众、话语方式与策略、评价标准等向度讨论话语对抗双方的攻防、博弈和较量特征。方法论上,本文主张采用基于语料库与人工智能技术相结合的路径,强调数据整体解释性与局部语境下意义识解的协同要义。Complicated contradictions and conflicts in international geopolitical field have projected into international discourse exchanges,giving rise to a novel frequently occurring mode of discourseconfrontation discourse.This article sets out to systematically review the concepts of"contradiction"in philosophy before exploring defining features of confrontation discourse and its empirical research methods.The analysis indicates that Mao Zedong's view on antagonistic contradiction serves as the most important and direct conceptual basis for confrontation discourse at present,while Wittgenstein's language game theory can provide analytical instruments for confrontation discourse studies.The article then discusses the significant characteristics of confrontation discourse on the dimensions of discourse rationale,target audience,discourse mode,discourse strategy and evaluative criteria,in an attempt to spell out the features of attack-and-defence,gaming and batling of each side of the confrontation.Methodologically,the article proposes an approach combining corpus-based method and AI technology,underscoring the importance of synergy of total data accountability and meaning construal in local contexts.

关 键 词：矛盾 对抗性话语 语言游戏论 话语方式 整体数据解释 局部语境 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]