欧洲多语教育环境下的中文教育发展空间  

Prospects of International Chinese Language Education in Multilingual Europe

作　　者：戴曼纯 DAI Manchun(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学中国语言文学学院,北京100089

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期23-33,共11页Journal of Yunnan Normal University：Humanities and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：教育部中外语言交流合作中心项目“英国中文教育研究”(22YHGB1020)、“波兰中文教育研究”(22YHGB1018);北京外国语大学“双一流”重大标志性项目“国际中文教育发展及中文传播力研究”(2022SYLZD043)。

摘　　要：在欧洲多语教育语境下,国际中文教育面临诸多挑战。文章在阐述欧洲尤其是欧盟语言政策、语言教育政策及其实践的基础上探讨了中文教育在欧洲的发展机遇和空间。欧洲国家普遍遵循多语教育原则,将母语、现代欧洲语言、其他语言包含现代欧洲语言、古典欧洲语言、非欧洲语言分为3个层级,优先发展欧洲语言教育。实践结果是英语在欧洲外语教育中占绝对主导地位,法语、西班牙语、德语等占比较低,中文处于语言教育的第三层级,或者外语教育的第二层级。由于欧洲国家的外语教育决策主要由地方政府和学校负责,政策表现出多样性。中文教育通过机构层面的合作走自下而上的路径,有机会在第三层级占据领先地位,甚至可能进入第二层级,成为首选的非欧语言。Against the background of international Chinese language education in Europe being confronted with diverse challenges in the context of multilingual education,this paper discusses the opportunities and prospects of ICLE based on an elaboration of language policies,language education policies and their implementation in Europe,particularly in EU.The principle of multilingual education,which is generally followed as a guideline in European nations,leads to a 3-level hierarchy of the first languages,modern European languages,other languages(including modern European languages,classic European languages and non-European languages),prioritizing the teaching of European languages.The policy implementation arising from the above principle results in the fact that English is taught and learned as the most dominant foreign language,with French,Spanish,German and other European languages at a low proportion,and Chinese at the third level of language education,or at the second level of foreign language education.As policymaking is in the hands of the local administration and educational institutions,language education policies are diversified.A bottom-up approach to ICLE cooperation at the institutional level gives rise to a leading position of Chinese at the third level of language education,potentially capable of entering the list of second-level languages and ranking as the most taught non-European language.

关 键 词：欧洲多语教育 多样性 统一性 国际中文教育 语言政策 

分 类 号：H002[语言文字—语言学]