铝胁迫下千年桐叶片角度及形态特征的变化  

Changes of Leaf Angle and Morphological Characteristics of Aleurites montana Under Aluminum Stress

作　　者：肖巧云 张瑶锐 林晗[1,2] 陈灿 范海兰[1,2] 谢安强 颜欢欢[3] XIAO Qiao-yun;ZHANG Yao-rui;LIN Han;CHEN Can;FAN Hai-lan;XIE An-qiang;YAN Huan-huan(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Key Laboratory for Forest Ecosystem Processes and Management in Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Forestry Bureau of Jianyang District,Nanping 354200,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建省高校森林生态系统过程与经营重点实验室,福建福州350002 [3]南平市建阳区林业局,福建南平354200

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2024年第4期46-53,共8页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：福建省科技厅计划项目(KTP21116A);福建省林业厅种业创新项目(KLb21009B);福建省水土保持试验站项目(KH190193A,KH220045A);福建农林大学林学高峰学科建设项目(72202200205);福州市自然科学基金项目(榕科[2021]266号)。

摘　　要：高等植物通过调整叶角大小,在弱光条件下提高光利用效率或者在光辐射强烈时有效避免强光的伤害,以此获得适度光照或者减弱叶片受到的光胁迫,促进植株生长。但胁迫条件会对叶片的适光行为产生不同程度的影响。为探究铝胁迫对红壤区常见生态树种千年桐叶片形态和行为调整的影响,以1年生千年桐苗木为试验材料,设置无铝0 mmol·L^(-1)(CK)、低铝0.555 mmol·L^(-1)(T1)、中铝0.746 mmol·L^(-1)(T2)、高铝1.111 mmol·L^(-1)(T3)4种不同浓度铝处理,比较不同浓度铝胁迫下,千年桐苗木的叶角度、叶片形态特征以及光合生理指标的差异,分析影响叶角变化的相关因子,从叶片形态可塑性和适光行为调整的角度揭示千年桐对铝胁迫的响应。结果表明,光照充足条件下,CK处理的千年桐叶片悬挂角在7:30时最小(106.00°),叶脉处于近水平位置,随着光照的增加叶悬挂角有所增大;不同铝浓度处理下叶悬挂角与叶方向角的日变幅按从小到大的排序均表现为T2<T3<CK<T1。在T1和T3处理时千年桐叶长、叶宽、叶柄长与叶面积下降明显,叶形指数在T3处理时达到最大值。千年桐叶片的净光合速率和蒸腾速率在T2处理时数值最小,与CK相比,其降幅分别为32.35%和46.22%;瞬时水分利用效率在T2处理下达到最大值。相关性分析显示,千年桐叶方向角与叶柄长度呈与叶形指数呈显著负相关;叶悬挂角与叶方向角呈显著负相关。由此可知,无铝胁迫时千年桐在强光条件下能通过减小叶方向角和增大叶悬挂角,降低叶面对光辐射的截获量以避免光损伤;在弱光条件下通过增大叶方向角和减小悬挂角使叶片两面能接受更多的光辐射。低铝浓度下,千年桐仍可进行积极的叶片适光调整。而中高铝浓度下,千年桐叶角变幅减小,但可通过光合生理指标的调整降低叶片失水量,实现叶柄对叶片角度的调节。By adjusting the leaf angle,higher plants can improve the light utilization efficiency under low light conditions or effectively avoid the damage of intense light under high-level light radiation,so as to promote plant growth by obtaining moderate light or reducing light stress.Environmental stress,however,will exert various effects on foliar photopic behaviors.In order to explore the influence of aluminum stress on leaf morphology and behavior of Aleurites montana,a common eco-species in red soil region,one-yearold A.montana seedlings were subjected to four different concentrations of aluminum treatments:0(control,CK),0.555(low Al treatment,T1),0.746(moderate Al treatment,T2)and 1.111 mmol·L^(-1)(high Al treatment T3).Differences in leaf angle,leaf morphological characteristics and photosynthetic physiological indexes of A.montana seedlings under different concentrations of aluminum stress were compared to analyze the related factors affecting leaf angle changes and reveal the response of A.montana to aluminum stress from the perspectives of leaf morphological plasticity and photopic adjustment.The results showed that under the condition of sufficient light,the leaf midrib angle of the control treatment was the smallest(106.00°)at 7:30,and the leaf vein was in a near horizontal position.With the increase of light,the leaf midrib angle increased.The daily variation amplitude of leaf midrib angle and leaf lamina angle under different aluminum concentration treatments was in the order of T2<T3<CK<T1.The leaf length,leaf width,petiole length and leaf area of A.montana decreased significantly under T1 and T3 treatments,and the leaf shape index reached the maximum value under T3 treatment.The net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of A.montana leaves were the smallest under T2 treatment,decreased by 32.35%and 46.22%,respectively,compared to the control.Instant water use efficiency reached the maximum under T2 treatment.Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between leaf

关 键 词：千年桐 铝胁迫 叶角度变化 叶片形态 光合指标 

分 类 号：S794.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]