体系化构造:美国保密基础设施立法及启示  

Systematization: U.S. Infrastructure of Classified Information Legislation and Its Implications

作　　者：张涛[1] 朱莉欣 ZHANG Tao;ZHU Lixin(School of Economics and Management,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Suzhou Information Security Law Institute,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Suzhou 215123,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044 [2]西交苏州信息安全法学所,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期144-154,共11页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(20AZD114)。

摘　　要：数字技术高速发展态势下,国家保密法律制度需要树立符合时代特征的保密基础设施概念,充分考虑设置、维护、管理和销毁保密信息的端点、系统环境、人员的安全及相应的能力,以积极应对网络信息技术运用带来的环境变化和挑战。第二次世界大战后美国保密立法历程表明,美国通过法律法规推动保密基础设施的现代化和改革,逐步完成了系统架构下的涉密信息安全保障;而立法后紧跟的标准、手册等规范文件对贯彻实施其保密基础设施法律法规也起到了非常重要的作用。美国保密基础设施立法一直以国家安全战略为遵循,并不断加强与企业合作,如今则更加重视与网络安全的衔接。研究美国保密基础设施立法现状与趋势,为中国从立法理念、规范内容和形式等方面完善保密法律制度提供了新思路。Recently,the United States has continuously exposed big confidentiality cases,involving individuals ranging from former or current presidents to retired soldiers,which on the one hand shows that the protection of state secrets is facing the challenges of the digital age,on the other hand,it also reveals the full coverage of the US confidentiality legal system.This paper argues that,as a pioneer in information technology and a cyber power in digital technology,the self-reflection and innovation of the US confidentiality legal system in keeping with the times reflect the development trend of future confidentiality legal systems,which is worth learning from when revising and improving confidentiality laws in China.The experience of the United States’rule of law in confidentiality indicates that,under the rapid development of digital technology,the national confidential legal system needs to establish a concept of classified information infrastructure that conforms to the characteristics of the times,and fully consider the security of endpoints,system environments,personnel and corresponding capabilities for establishing,maintaining,managing and destroying classified information,so as to actively respond to environmental changes and challenges caused by the application of network information technology.After World War II,the United States modernized and reformed its classified information infrastructure through laws and regulations,constantly adjusting the delicate balance between information disclosure and confidentiality.Under the guidance of a series of executive orders of President Roosevelt,the classified information infrastructure was changed from wartime to peacetime.After the 9/11 incident,President Obama’s Executive Order No.13526 further transformed the confidentiality infrastructure,established a comprehensive controlled unclassified information system,and gradually formed a set of classified information security system construction.Different from other legal systems in the United States,presidential e

关 键 词：国家安全 网络安全 保密基础设施 保密法律制度 关键基础设施 受控非密信息系统 权益让渡 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学] D912.1