2022年封闭执勤模式期间西部监狱民警职业情绪耗竭影响因素研究  

A study on the factors influencing occupational emotional exhaustion of prison police in western China during the closed duty mode in 2022

作　　者：田勇 文甄 杨张攀 马炳东 庞文梁 陈鋆 TIAN Yong;WEN Zhen;YANG Zhangpan;MA Bingdong;PANG Wenliang;CHEN Jun(Dazhou Prison of Sichuan Province,Sichuan,635000,China;Sichuan Judicial Police Vocational College;The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu;Chuanxi Prison of Sichuan Province)

机构地区：[1]四川省达州监狱,四川达州635025 [2]四川司法警官职业学院 [3]成都市第三人民医院 [4]四川省川西监狱

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第6期462-465,470,共5页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

基　　金：2023年度四川司法行政系统调研课题(SFZX202382);德阳市哲学社会科学重点研究基地四川刑事执行法学研究中心2024年度专项课题(DY24XSZXFX12)。

摘　　要：目的调查西部监狱场所在实施封闭执勤模式期间警察群体的职业情绪耗竭状况及其影响因素,为相关部门制定政策保障民警心理健康提供参考。方法2022年11-12月,通过线上对2013名西部监狱民警心理状况进行评估,调查对象自评填写一般资料、基本状况问卷、职业情绪耗竭量表和感知组织支持量表,数据使用SPSS 25.0进行分析。结果西部监狱民警的高职业情绪耗竭检出率为32.84%,高感知组织支持检出率为69.25%。多重线性回归分析发现,家庭负担情况越重(β=2.439,P=0.037)、自评身体状况欠佳(β=4.159,P<0.001)、出现有生理疾病(β=2.868,P=0.020)、每周值夜班次数越多(β=2.041,P<0.001)的西部监狱民警职业情绪耗竭程度越严重;对实施封闭执勤态度越认可(β=-3.181,P=0.001)、家人对监狱工作态度越支持(β=-2.849,P<0.001)、感知组织支持越高(β=-0.552,P=0.004)的西部监狱民警职业情绪耗竭程度越低。家人对监狱工作态度(标准化β=-0.266)和自评身体状况(标准化β=0.228)对其职业情绪耗竭状况影响最大。结论西部监狱民警在封闭式执勤模式期间出现一定程度的职业情绪耗竭,应不断优化执勤模式减轻工作负担,并从提升组织支持力度等方面保护民警心理健康。Objective To investigate the emotional exhaustion of prison police and its influencing factors during the implementation of the closed duty mode so as to provide reference for relevant departments to ensure the mental health of police officers in western China.Methods The mental status of 2013 prison police in western China was evaluated online from November to December 2022.The survey participants filled in the general information,basic status questionnaire,occupational emotional exhaustion scale and perceptual organizational support scale by self-evaluation.The data was analyzed using SPSS25.0.Results The detection rate of high occupational emotional exhaustion and high perceived organizational support were32.84%and 69.25%,respectively.Multiple linear regression analysis found that the heavier family burden(β=2.439,P=0.037),the poor self-rated health condition(β=4.159,P<0.001),the occurrence of physiological diseases(β=2.868,P=0.020),the more times of night work shift per week(β=2.041,P<0.001),the severer degree of occupational emotional exhaustion of prison police in western China.The degree of occupational emotional exhaustion of prison police was lower when they approved the attitude towards the implementation of closed duty(β=-3.181,P=0.001),were supported by family members(β=-2.849,P<0.001)and perceived organizational support at high level(β=-0.552,P=0.004).Family's attitude towards prison work(standardizedβ=-0.266)and self-rated health status(standardizedβ=0.228)had the greatest impact on occupational emotional exhaustion.Conclusions Prison police suffered from occupational emotional exhaustion to a certain extent during the fully closed mode of duty,so it is necessary to optimize the mode of duty to reduce the work burden,and improve the organizational support for protect the mental health of the police in western China.

关 键 词：西部监狱民警 封闭执勤模式 职业情绪耗竭 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R192.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]