船舶机舱火灾热烟分布特性仿真及安全评估  

Numerical simulation and safety assessment of the heat and smoke distribution of ship engine room fire

作　　者：范凯 谢胤 王艳真 毛少华 FAN Kai;XIE Yin;WANG Yanzhen;MAO Shaohua(The Second Representative Office of Naval Equipment Department in Shanghai,Shanghai 200135,China;Marine Design and Research Institute of China,Shanghai 200011,China;Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]海装驻上海地区第二军事代表室,上海200135 [2]中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院,上海200011 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2024年第4期29-36,共8页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52376133、52076199)。

摘　　要：机舱是船舶输出动力的关键舱室,同时也是火灾危险源集中分布的火灾事故高发区。为了评估某船机舱区域的火灾事故特性,针对该船发电机舱开展了油池火典型火灾场景的大涡模拟仿真,并使用烟气温度、辐射热通量两项指标对火灾发生后的机舱环境进行了安全评估。结果显示:火灾发生后机舱内平台甲板下方烟气温度可快速升至200℃以上;火灾发生后74 s,舱内部分电子设备出现永久性损伤;火灾发生后180 s左右,对于消防人员与机舱设备而言机舱处于危险状态,同时舱内绝大部分电子设备发生永久性损伤。本研究结果对船舶机舱设计与消防策略制定具有指导意义。The engine room is the key power production room for ships,which is also a high-risk zone with lots of fire risk sources.In order to analyze the characteristics of fire accidents in the engine room,large-eddy simulations were conducted for the typical oil-pool fire in the generator room,and safety assessment were conducted for the generator room based on the smoke temperature and the radiant heat flux.The results show that after the fire outbreak,the temperature below the platform deck quickly reaches over 200℃.About 74 s after the outbreak,some electronic devices inside the engine room are permanently damaged.About 180 s after the outbreak,the environment inside the engine room is dangerous for firefighters and devices,and almost all electronic devices inside the engine room are permanently damaged.The results of the current study provide guidance on the design of engine rooms and the firefighting strategies for them.

关 键 词：船舶机舱 火灾 烟气温度 辐射热通量 大涡模拟 安全评估 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]