遵义市典型锰矿区土壤重金属污染空间分布特征及生态风险评价  

Spatial distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in soils of typical manganese mining area in Zunyi City

作　　者：谢配红 补建伟[1] 徐庆方 肖春山[1] 黄胤赫 XIE Peihong;BU Jianwei;XU Qingfang;XIAO Chunshan;HUANG Yinhe(School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430078,China;Geological Party,Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development,Zunyi563000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430078 [2]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局一〇六地质大队,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2024年第4期223-235,共13页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：贵州省地勘基金项目(黔地矿科合[2016]15号);贵州省一O六地质大队地质科研项目(黔地矿106科合[2021]5号);国家自然科学基金项目(41907177)。

摘　　要：以贵州省遵义市某典型锰矿区的土壤(含沉积物和矿渣)为研究对象,测定和分析了Cr、Ni、Cu、Cd、Pb、Fe、Hg、As和Mn 9种重金属元素的含量,利用ArcGIS软件中的反距离权重插值法(inverse distance weight,IDW)揭示这些重金属元素的空间分布特征,并运用累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对研究区土壤进行污染现状评价和潜在生态风险评价,最后对重金属污染的来源进行了解析。结果表明:研究区沉积物中Hg、Mn和Cd的平均含量分别约为贵州省土壤背景值的44、16和5倍,其中Hg在沉积物中全部为重度或严重污染;Hg和Cd单个重金属元素的潜在生态风险指数最高,是区内主要的生态风险因子;研究区80%的样点都存在强或很强的潜在生态风险。Collecting the soil samples(including sediments and slags)of a typical manganese mining area in Zunyi City,Guizhou Province,the contents of 9 heavy metals,including Cr,Ni,Cu,Cd,Pb,Fe,Hg,As and Mn,were measured and analyzed.The Inverse Distance Weight(IDW)was used in ArcGIS to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of these heavy metals,the Geoaccumulation Index(I_(geo))and Potential Ecological Risk Index(PERI)were conducted for pollution status assessment and potential ecological risk assessment,and the sources of heavy metal pollution were analyzed at last.The results show that the average contents of Hg,Mn and Cd in the sediments of the study area are 44,16 and 5 times of the soil background values in Guizhou Province,respectively.The individual potential ecological risk coefficient of Hg and Cd is the highest,which demonstrates that these 2 heavy metals are the main ecological risk factors in the study area.Hg in the sediments is heavily or seriously contaminated,and 80%of the sampling areas have considerable or high potential ecological risks.

关 键 词：重金属污染 土壤 空间分布 生态风险 锰矿区 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]