衡水地区无偿献血者不规则抗体筛查结果分析  

Analysis of irregular antibody screening results of voluntary blood donors in Hengshui

作　　者：李欣 刘娜 LI Xin;LIU Na(Hengshui Blood Central,Hengshui,Hebei 053000,China)

机构地区：[1]衡水市中心血站,河北衡水053000

出　　处：《国际检验医学杂志》2024年第S01期19-22,共4页International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的对衡水地区无偿献血者血液中不规则抗体进行常规筛查,为进一步提高血液安全,探讨对献血者抗体筛查的必要性。方法采用微板法对所有无偿献血者血液标本进行ABO和RhD血型检测,进而对O细胞有反应的样本、RhD阴性的样本及临床输血科因配血不合怀疑献血者血样存在不规则抗体的血液样本,采用盐水介质法和/或抗球蛋白凝胶卡法进行不规则抗体筛查及直接抗球蛋白实验。结果88525例标本中筛查出不规则抗体初筛阳性116例(0.1310%),其中女性献血者检出率0.2164%,明显高于男性献血者检出率0.0841%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。检出的不规则抗体中IgM抗体阳性率(0.0791%)高于IgG抗体的阳性率(0.0768%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。直接抗球蛋白试验阳性率为0.0429%。结论衡水地区无偿献血人群中,存在红细胞不规则抗体阳性以及直接抗球蛋白试验阳性的样本,加强和重视对献血者不规则抗体的筛查,对减少临床输血不良反应的发生、提高输血疗效、提高临床安全用血具有重要意义。Objective To improve blood safety and explore the necessity of antibody screening for blood donors,routine screening of irregular antibodies in the blood of voluntary blood donors in Hengshui area is conducted.Methods ABO and RhD blood group tests were performed on blood samples of all unpaid blood donors by microplate method,furthermore,samples that responded to O cells,RhD negative samples and blood samples suspected to have irregular antibodies in blood samples of donors due to incompatibility of blood matching were screened by saline medium and/or antiglobulin gel card method and tested by direct anti-globulin test.Results Among 88525 samples,116(0.1310%)were screened positive for irregular antibodies,and the detection rate of female blood donors was 0.2164%,which was significantly higher than that of male blood donors(0.0841%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).IgM and IgG accounted for 0.0791%and 0.0768%of the detected irregular antibodies,and the positive rate of IgM was higher than that of IgG,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The positive rate of direct antiglobulin test was 0.0429%.Conclusion Among the unpaid blood donors in Hengshui area,there were positive samples of irregular antibodies of red blood cells and direct anti-globulin test,to strengthen and attach importance to the screening of irregular antibodies in blood donors is of great significance to reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions in clinical blood transfusion,improve the efficacy of blood transfusion and improve the clinical safety of blood use.

关 键 词：无偿献血者 不规则抗体 盐水介质法 抗球蛋白凝胶卡法 

分 类 号：R446.1[医药卫生—诊断学]