^(238)Pu分离纯化工艺的研究现状及进展  

Research Progress and Development of the Separation and Purification Process for ^(238)Pu

作　　者：陈延鑫 何辉[2] 于婷[2] 赵松鹤 Chen Yanxin;He Hui;Yu Ting;Zhao Songhe(Nuclear Industry College,Beijing 102413,China;China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China;CITIC CRESCIN(Beijing)Investment Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100143,China)

机构地区：[1]核工业学院,北京102413 [2]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413 [3]中信科信(北京)投资咨询有限公司,北京100143

出　　处：《广东化工》2024年第12期77-79,71,共4页Guangdong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：针对辐照镎靶溶解液中分离纯化镎、钚的工艺流程进行了系统的调研和分析,并对在国内领域的最新研究进展进行了论述和总结。分析结果认为,从辐照镎靶溶解液中分离纯化镎、钚的工艺流程包括离子交换法和溶剂萃取法,近期工业化生产^(238)Pu均已放弃离子交换法而采用溶剂萃取法,不同溶剂萃取法的工艺参数差异主要来自萃取剂的种类和溶液中镎、钚的价态组合。通过对比认为,美国通过程序设计的以磷酸三丁酯(TBP)为萃取剂的溶剂萃取工艺流程理论可信度高,其中Np(Ⅳ)和Pu(Ⅳ)的价态组合进料已得到了中国原子能科学研究院的串级实验验证,Np(Ⅳ)和Pu(Ⅲ)的价态组合进料尚需进一步验证。此外,以甲基膦酸二甲庚酯(DMHMP)作为萃取剂的溶剂萃取法从理论上更具应用前景。A systematic investigation and analysis were conducted on the separation and purification process of neptunium and plutonium from the solution of irradiated neptunium targets,and the latest research progress in this field in China was discussed and summarized.The analysis results indicate that the separation and purification process of neptunium and plutonium from the solution of irradiated neptunium targets includes ion exchange method and solvent extraction method.Recently,the industrial production of ^(238)Pu has abandoned ion exchange method and adopted solvent extraction method.The differences in process parameters between different solvent extraction methods mainly come from the type of extractant and the valence state combination of neptunium and plutonium in the solution.Through comparison,it is believed that the theoretical reliability of the solvent extraction process flow designed by the United States using tributyl phosphate(TBP)as the extractant is high.The valence state combination feed of Np(IV)and Pu(IV)has been verified through cascade experiments by the Chinese Institute of Atomic Energy,while the valence state combination feed of Np(IV)and Pu(III)still needs further verification.In addition,the solvent extraction method using di(1-methylheptyl)methyl phosphonate(DMHMP)as the extractant has more theoretical application prospects.

关 键 词：辐照镎靶 分离纯化 镎 钚 工艺流程 

分 类 号：TQ[化学工程]