基质粒径与植株密度对人工湿地净化渗滤液荧光及微生物特性的影响  

Effects of Substrate Particle Size and Plant Density on Fluorescence and Microbial Characteristics during the Purification of Leachate by Constructed Wetlands

作　　者：钟铃 单骁 裴梓恒 杨金艳 赖阳阳 裴曼一 宋博涵 李梅[1] Zhong Ling;Shan Xiao;Pei Ziheng;Yang Jinyan;Lai Yangyang;Pei Manyi;Song Bohan;Li Mei(Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Hangzhou Lin'an District Municipal Public Utilities and City Appearance Environmental Sanitation Guarantee Center,Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学,浙江杭州311300 [2]杭州市临安区市政公用和市容环境卫生保障中心,浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《广东化工》2024年第12期116-119,107,共5页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金：基于有机废水的沼气发电技术研究与应用(2012FR 088)。

摘　　要：为了揭示基质粒径、植株密度对人工湿地净化垃圾渗滤液有机物效果的影响,以陶粒、黄菖蒲为试验材料,构建了粒径20 mm+植株密度50株/m^(2)(K1)、粒径20 mm+植株密度75株/m^(2)(K2)、粒径5 mm+植株密度50株/m^(2)(K3)3个人工湿地处理系统,采用三维荧光和变性梯度凝胶电泳技术对其进行分析。结果表明,溶解性有机物(DOM)去除率、荧光强度、微生物多样性及结构粒径间K1与K3差异显著,不同植株密度间K1与K2之间荧光强度、微生物多样性差异显著。粒径变小可显著提高有机物净化,经过21天净化后,K3对DOM的去除率比K1高出29.72%(P<0.05),荧光强度下降5.04(P<0.01),粒径对微生物结构变化影响的贡献率高达57%(P=0.048);植株密度亦可促进有机物去除,显著增加微生物多样性与结构,K2相比K1 f450/500降幅达0.72。表明在应用人工湿地净化垃圾渗滤液时,可通过降低粒径基质与提高密度植株的方式,提升系统微生物丰度及结构多样性,促进有机污染物的去除。To examine the influence of substrate particle size and plant density on fluorescence and Microbial characteristics purification of organic matter in landfill leachate treating constructed wetlands,ceramsite and Iris pseudacorus L.were used as experimental materials to construct three constructed wetland treatment systems:particle size 20 mm+plant density 50 plants/m^(2)(K1),particle size 20 mm+plant density 75 plants/m^(2)(K2),and particle size 5 mm+plant density 50 plants/m^(2)(K3).Three-dimensional fluorescence and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis were used to analyze them.The results showed that there were significant differences in dissolved organic matter(DOM)removal rate,fluorescence intensity,microbial diversity,between K1 and K3 with different structural particle size,and significant differences in fluorescence intensity and microbial diversity between K1 and K2 with different plant densities.Reducing particle size can significantly improve organic matter purification.After 21 days of purification,the removal rate of DOM of K3 is 29.72%higher than that of K1(P<0.05),and the fluorescence intensity decreases by 5.04(P<0.01).The contribution rate of particle size to the changes in microbial structure is as high as 57%(P=0.048);Plant density can also promote organic matter removal that is significantly increasing microbial diversity and structure.K2 has a decrease of 0.72 compared to K1 f450/500.Our results suggest that the reduced particle size matrix and increased plant density elevate the microbial abundance and structural diversity and the positive effects can be effectively removed organic pollutants by constructed wetlands purification landfill leachate.

关 键 词：基质粒径 植株密度 人工湿地 垃圾渗滤液 三维荧光 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]