风流扰动下露天矿土质路面粉尘运移规律研究  

Study on migration law of dust on soil road surface in open-pit mine under airflow disturbance

作　　者：王来贵[1] 王逸腾 赵娜[1] WANG Laigui;WANG Yiteng;ZHAO Na(School of Mechanical Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin Liaoning 123000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学力学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2024年第7期121-129,共9页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1503102)。

摘　　要：为降低露天矿土质路面粉尘质量浓度,提高清洁生产水平,采用气固两相流理论,建立粉尘颗粒起动模型,分析粉尘起动风速及变化规律,利用实验研究进行验证,并确立粉尘运移规律以及运动形式,选取正交实验极差分析各因素对起尘量影响显著性。研究结果表明:粉尘起动风速与粉尘粒径、含水率、负荷均有函数关系;起尘量在粒径、含水率、负荷、风速4种因素下呈现不同变化规律,与粒径、风速均呈非线性关系,与含水率呈负相关,与粉尘负荷呈正相关,影响显著性为:粒径>负荷>风速>含水率;粉尘运动形式与风速和粒径相关,在5 m/s风速下,(0,75]μm粒径粉尘易做悬浮运动,(75,500]μm粒径粉尘易做跳跃运动,(500,1000]μm粒径粉尘易做蠕移运动。研究结果可为降尘措施提供理论指导。In order to reduce the mass concentration of dust on the soil road surface in open-pit mines and improve the level of clean production,a start-up model of dust particles was established by using the gas-solid two-phase flow theory,and the start-up wind speed and variation law of dust were analyzed.The experimental research was used to verify the model,and the migration law and motion patterns of dust were determined.The orthogonal experiment range analysis method was used to study the influence significance of each factor on the dust emission amount.The results show that the start-up wind speed of dust is functionally related to the dust particle size,moisture content,and load.The dust emission amount exhibits different variation law under the influence of four factors:particle size,moisture content,load,and wind speed.It presents a nonlinear relationship with both particle size and wind speed,a negative correlation with moisture content,and a positive correlation with dust load.The influence significance is ranked as follows:particle size>load>wind speed>moisture content.The dust motion patterns are correlated with the wind speed and particle size.Under the wind speed of 5 m/s,the dust particles with the particle size of 0~75μm tend to undergo the suspended motion,the dust particles with the particle size of 75~500μm tend to undergo the jumping motion,and the dust particles with the particle size of 500~1000μm tend to undergo the creeping motion.The research results can provide theoretical guidance for the dust reduction measures.

关 键 词：露天矿 土质路面 起动风速 起尘量 运动方式 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]