木结构建筑之间火灾蔓延的试验研究  

Experimental study on fire spread between timber structure buildings

作　　者：彭磊 邱培芳 欧加加[5] Peng Lei;Qiu Peifang;Ou Jiajia(Tianjin Taida Fire Technology Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300381,China;Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM,Tianjin 300381,China;Key Laboratory of Fire Protection Technology for Industry and Public Building,Ministry of Emergency Management,Tianjin 300381,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Fire Safety Technology,Tianjin 300381,China;China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Sichuan Chengdu 610042,China)

机构地区：[1]天津泰达消防科技有限公司,天津300381 [2]应急管理部天津消防研究所,天津300381 [3]工业与公共建筑火灾防控技术应急管理部重点实验室,天津300381 [4]天津市消防安全技术重点实验室,天津300381 [5]中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司,四川成都610042

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2024年第7期959-966,共8页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0703503)。

摘　　要：搭建木结构试验框架,对影响木结构建筑之间火灾蔓延的因素开展实体火灾试验研究,分别考虑火灾荷载密度、外墙开口尺寸、外墙材料的燃烧性能、水平间距等影响因素。研究结果表明,在相同火灾荷载密度条件下,增大着火房间外墙开口面积会显著增大目标墙体上的辐射强度;在相同的开口条件下,增加室内火灾荷载密度,也会增大目标墙体上的辐射强度;当着火房间的外墙被引燃时,目标墙体受窗口辐射和被引燃外墙上火焰的双重辐射,会进一步增加火灾蔓延的风险。在测试的火灾场景中,当防火间距为6 m时,目标墙体上的辐射热流强度值小于10 kW/m^(2),不会因热辐射的原因造成建筑之间的火灾蔓延。研究结果可为定量分析各因素对火灾在建筑之间蔓延的影响和合理确定防火间距提供数据支撑。A timber frame structure was set up to conduct fire test studies on the factors affecting the fire spread between timber structure buildings.The study considered variables such as fire load density,size of exterior wall openings,combustibility of exterior wall materials,and horizontal spacing between two buildings.The results indicate that increasing the opening area of the external wall would significantly enhance the radiative heat flux on the target wall under identical fire load densities.Similarly,increasing the fire load density in the burning room would also amplify the radiative heat flux on the target wall under consistent opening conditions.Once ignition occurred in the exterior wall of the burning room,the target wall would be exposed to the combined radiation from the room opening and the external flame in the exterior wall,and this would potentially escalate fire spreading risks for the target wall.In the tested fire scenarios with a 6 m fire spacing,the radiative heat flux values on the target wall remain below 10 kW/m^(2),which did not pose a risk for fire spread between buildings due to radiation.These research results provide supportive data for quantitatively analyzing various factors'influence on building-to-building fire spread and aid in determining appropriate fire spacing between builds.

关 键 词：木结构建筑 火灾蔓延 辐射强度 防火间距 开口尺寸 火灾荷载密度 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU366.2[建筑科学—结构工程]