纯电动公交车驾驶行为对能耗的影响研究  

Research on the Impact of Driving Behavior on Energy Consumption of Electric Buses

作　　者：张雅丽[1] 沈钰博 王伊 ZHANG Yali;SHEN Yubo;WANG Yi(School of Automobile,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,西安710018

出　　处：《交通工程》2024年第7期1-7,16,共8页Journal of Transportation Engineering

基　　金：陕西省博士后科研项目(2023BSHEDZZ212);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2024JC-YBQN-0437);长安大学中央高校基本科研业务专项资金资助(300102224106)。

摘　　要：为深入了解城市纯电动公交车驾驶特性及能耗规律,采集其自然驾驶数据,从运行工况、速度、加速度、踏板开度4个方面分析驾驶行为特征。其次,利用相关性分析寻找影响纯电动公交车能耗的因素,从速度、加速度、运行状态、典型工况4个方面分析驾驶行为对能耗的影响规律。分析结果表明,纯电动公交车能耗与速度呈U型变化曲线,与匀速工况占比呈线性负相关,与加减速工况占比呈二次函数关系;存在能量回收最大的加速度区间;典型工况能耗占公交循环总能耗的82.36%。最后,依据分析结论提出纯电动公交车节能驾驶建议,旨在指导公交车驾驶人降低行车能耗。To understand the driving behavior and energy consumption laws of electric buses(E-Buses),natural driving data of E-Buses are collected,and their driving behavior characteristics are analyzed from four aspects:operating conditions,speed,acceleration,and pedal opening.Then,the correlation analysis was used to find the factors that affect the energy consumption of E-Buses.Once again,the impact of driving behavior on energy consumption was analyzed from four aspects:speed,acceleration,operating status,and typical working conditions.The analysis results show that the energy consumption and speed of E-Buses exhibit a U-shaped curve,a linear negative correlation with the proportion of constant speed conditions,and a quadratic relationship with the proportion of acceleration and deceleration conditions;There exists an acceleration range with the maximum energy recovery;The energy consumption of typical operating conditions accounts for 82.36%of the total energy consumption of the cycles.Finally,based on the analysis conclusions,energy-saving driving suggestions for E-Buses are proposed,aiming to guide bus drivers to reduce driving energy consumption.

关 键 词：纯电动公交车 自然驾驶 驾驶行为 能耗 典型工况 

分 类 号：U471.1[机械工程—车辆工程]