根瘤菌和丛枝菌根真菌单双接种对不同品系大豆生长的影响  

Effects of single or co-inoculation of rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth of different lines of soybean

作　　者：黎武元 黄诗宸 林会[1] LI Wuyuan;HUANG Shichen;LIN Hui(National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology/College of Life Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]农业微生物资源发掘与利用全国重点实验室/华中农业大学生命科学技术学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2024年第4期140-149,共10页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFA0904704)。

摘　　要：为探索丛枝菌根真菌(abuscular mycorrhiza fungi,AMF)和大豆根瘤菌单双接种效果及其与不同品系大豆的匹配性,采用蛭石混土作为基质在光照培养室(26℃,16 h光照/8 h暗期,相对湿度75%)进行盆栽试验,探究根瘤菌与AMF单接种和双接种对我国大部分区域种植的10种不同品系大豆生长的影响。结果显示,根瘤菌Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110和菌根真菌Rhizophagus irregularis均能侵染10种品系大豆植株,形成共生结构。单接种根瘤菌和菌根真菌均能显著提高大豆地上部鲜质量,其中单接种根瘤菌能使品系大豆119、851、921植株地上部鲜质量增加102%~429%,单接种菌根真菌也能使大部分品系大豆地上部鲜质量增加39%~255%。根瘤菌和菌根真菌双接种条件下,菌根真菌的侵染共生表现出共生定殖延迟的现象;菌根真菌存在时,品系大豆985、851、115根系的单个根瘤体积增大,固氮酶活性增强。因此,相同接种方式对不同品系大豆影响不同,相同品系大豆经过不同接种方式处理,长势存在差异;985、115品系大豆采用双接种方式最佳,167、509、921、187品系大豆采用单接种根瘤菌方式效果最佳,119、909、045则可采用单接种根瘤菌或菌根真菌来提升产量。A pot culture method with vermiculite mixed soil as substrate under greenhouse conditions was used to study the effects of single or double inoculation of rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth of 10 soybean lines planted in most regions of China to investigate the dual inoculation effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and soybean rhizobia and their matching with different soybean lines.The results showed that both rhizobium Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110 and mycorrhizal fungus Rhi⁃zophagus irregularis infected 10 lines of soybean plants,forming a symbiotic structure.Single inoculation of rhizobia or mycorrhizal fungi significantly increased the aboveground fresh weight of soybean.Among them,single inoculation of rhizobia increased the aboveground fresh weight of soybean line 119,851,and 921 by 102%to 429%,and single inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi increased the aboveground fresh weight of most soybean lines by 39%to 255%.The symbiotic colonization of mycorrhizal fungi showed a delayed phenomenon under the dual inoculation conditions of rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi.The single nodule volume of soybean line 985,851,and 115 increased,and the nitrogenase activity was enhanced when mycorrhizal fungi were present.Therefore,the same inoculation method had different effects on different lines of soybeans,and the same line of soybeans had differences in growth after being treated with different inoculation methods.Soybean line 985 and 115 had the best effect with dual inoculation method,soybean line 167,509,921,and 187 had the best effect with single inoculation method,while single inoculation of rhizobia or mycorrhizal fungi in soybean line 119,909,and 045 can be used to increase yield.

关 键 词：大豆 根瘤菌 丛枝菌根真菌 接种方式 匹配性 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学] S154.39