球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌WH07对潜育化水稻土的改良效果和土壤微生态的影响  

Effects of Lysinibacillus sphaericus WH07 on improving soil and soil microecology in gleyed paddy field

作　　者：王麒 李奎 彭成林[3] 罗治华 陈涛 易菊平 龚艳 胡洪涛 WANG Qi;LI Kui;PENG Chenglin;LUO Zhihua;CHEN Tao;YI Juping;GONG Yan;HU Hongtao(Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center,Wuhan 430064,China;College of Life and Sciences,Yangtze University,J ingzhou 434025,China;Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;Institute of Urban Construction,Wuchang Shouyi University,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省生物农药工程研究中心,武汉430064 [2]长江大学生命科学学院,荆州434025 [3]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,武汉430064 [4]武昌首义学院城建学院,武汉430064

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2024年第4期169-181,共13页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2021BBA075);湖北省农业科技创新团队项目(2021-620-000-001-027)。

摘　　要：为建立潜育化稻田微生物改良技术,采用MWMM(modified wolfe’s mineral medium)培养基富集微好氧FeOB,结合16S rRNA测序等技术鉴定菌株种类,分别采用100 mL 10^(6)(T1)、10^(7)(T2)、10^(8)(T3)CFU/mL菌株发酵液处理潜育化水稻土,评价菌株对潜育化水稻土壤的还原性物质、土壤养分、氮循环功能基因丰度和水稻秧苗生长的影响,并利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术评价该菌株对土壤微生态的影响。结果显示:筛选到的对Fe^(2+)具有较强氧化作用的FeOB为球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌WH07(Lysinibacillus sphaericus WH07);相比于CK,土壤氧化还原电位(Eh)显著提高(P<0.05),并由负电位转为正电位;T1、T2、T3处理土壤还原性物质总量分别减少26.47%、41.53%、53.19%,亚铁含量分别减少0.37%、21.50%、50.09%,亚锰含量分别减少7.84%、21.57%、37.25%。土壤碱解氮含量分别显著增加15.50%、27.38%、48.90%(P<0.05),速效磷分别显著增加12.52%、17.34%、27.38%(P<0.05),速效钾分别显著增加11.56%、17.20%、19.34%(P<0.05),有机质分别显著增加8.66%、22.22%、45.05%(P<0.05),pH显著分别增加3.40%、8.94%、16.99%(P<0.05)。土壤AOAamoA基因丰度分别增加11.94%、14.68%、33.83%,nosZ基因丰度分别增加42.97%、75.78%、118.75%,nifH基因丰度分别增加38.29%、51.05%、216.13%,UreC基因丰度分别增加16.74%、54.51%、60.94%。水稻株高分别增加5.44%、10.98%、36.00%,叶龄分别增加10.21%、23.42%、36.94%,鲜质量增加分别12.61%、22.52%、28.38%,白根数分别增加10.14%、32.92%、46.81%。土壤微生物多样性指数Chao1和Shannon指数相比于CK均显著降低(P<0.05)。门水平上相对丰度前10的土壤细菌中,有8个显著下调(P<0.05),如Proteobacteria等、2个(Bacteroidetes和Firmicutes)显著上调。在相对丰度前50的属中,3个处理分别有20、19、22个属显著上调(P<0.05),包括Macellibacteroides等6个FeOB;25个属在3个处理中均显著下调(P<0.05),包括MBNT15等4个铁还原菌。调控�FeOB were enriched with modified wolf’s mineral medium(MWMM)to screen microaerobic Fe^(2+)oxidizing bacteria(FeOB)with better oxidative abilities to Fe^(2+),evaluate its effects on improving soil and the microbial communities and functions of soil in gleyed paddy field,and lay a foundation for establishing technologies of improving microorganism in gleyed paddy fields.The FeOB strain was taxonomically identified with combined technologies including 16S rRNA sequencing.The 100 mL fermentation liquid of the strain with different concentration of 106(T1),107(T2),108(T3)CFU/mL was used to treat the soil in gleyed paddy field and evaluate the effects of the strain on the reducing substances,nutrients,abundances of functional genes for nitrogen cycling(NCFG)and rice seedlings of soil in gleyed paddy field.16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to evaluate the effect of this strain on the soil microecology.The results showed that the FeOB strain screened with strong oxidative effect on Fe^(2+)was identified as Lysinibacillus sphaericus WH07.Compared to CK,the soil redox potential(Eh)was significantly increased(P<0.05)and shifted from negative potential to positive potential.The total amount of reducing substance in soil treated with T1,T2,and T3 decreased by 26.47%,41.53%,and 53.19%,respectively.The content of ferrous decreased by 0.37%,21.50%,and 50.09%,while the content of manganese decreased by 7.84%,21.57%,and 37.25%.The content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen in soil significantly increased by 15.50%,27.38%,and 48.90%(P<0.05),while the available phosphorus significantly increased by 12.52%,17.34%,and 27.38%(P<0.05).The available potassium significantly increased by 11.56%,17.20%,and 19.34%(P<0.05),and the organic matter significantly increased by 8.66%,22.22%,and 45.05%(P<0.05).The pH significantly increased by 3.40%,8.94%,and 16.99%(P<0.05).The abundance of AOA-amoA gene in soil increased by 11.94%,14.68%,and 33.83%,respectively.The abundance of nosZ gene increased by 42.97%,75.78%,and 118.75%,w

关 键 词：潜育化稻田 土壤改良 球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌 还原性物质 氧化还原电位 氮循环功能基因 土壤微生态 

分 类 号：S156.99[农业科学—土壤学] S154.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]