静磁场下电子束运动行为仿真  

Simulation of electron beam motion behaviors under stable magnetic fields

作　　者：田智睿 付维达 郝龙 张小新 蒋丹青 胡涛 陈超越[1,2,3] 余建波 谭毅 任忠鸣[1,2,3] 无 TIAN Zhirui;FU Weida;HAO Long;ZHANG Xiaoxin;JIANG Danqing;HU Tao;CHEN Chaoyue;YU Jianbo;TAN Yi;REN Zhong-ming;无(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel,Shanghai 200444,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy,Shanghai 200444,China;School of Material Science and Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Integrated Circuits and Advanced Display Materials,Shanghai 200444,China;School of Material Science and Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室,上海200444 [2]上海市钢铁冶金新技术开发应用重点实验室,上海200444 [3]上海大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200444 [4]上海市集成电路与新型显示材料工程研究中心,上海200444 [5]大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院,大连116024

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2024年第7期2343-2355,共13页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFA0705300);上海市“科技创新行动—扬帆计划”项目(21YF1413000);国家重大科研仪器研制项目(52127807)。

摘　　要：电子束具有能量集中、能量转化效率高等特点,广泛用于金属精炼、增材制造等金属加工领域。在电子束熔炼过程中引入外磁场,可调控熔体流动与凝固组织,改善材料性能,但磁场会导致电子束偏转,造成熔区偏移。针对此问题,本研究基于COMSOL仿真软件对静磁场下电子与电子束在不同外加磁场强度、发射角、扫描角及发射距离参数下的运动行为进行建模与仿真分析。结果表明:磁场下电子束与单电子的运动行为相似;在一定外加磁场下实现电子束熔炼需满足一定的临界发射角和扫描角条件,如在背景磁场为0.15 T时,发射角需小于35°,且当发射角为0°时,扫描角介于−3.5°~+3.5°之间;磁场越强,电子(束)偏转越剧烈,其临界条件范围越窄;磁场对电子(束)具有筛选、聚焦及约束作用,在满足临界发射角和扫描角条件下任意发射距离的电子(束)均能进入坩埚。本研究可为磁场辅助电子束熔炼及其他相关技术的开发提供指导。The electron beam,characterized by high energy concentration and high energy conversion efficiency,is widely applied in many metal processing fields,such as metal refining and additive manufacturing.When external magnetic field was introduced into electron beam melting process,the metallurgical process,solidification structure can be regulated,thus improving the performance of metals.But the electron beam will be deflected by magnetic field from the original straight route,resulting in the positional shift of the molten area.Regarding to this issue,the motional behaviors of single electron and electron beam under stable magnetic field with different magnetic intensities,the emitting angles,the scanning angles and emitting distances were modeled and analyzed based on the simulation software COMSOL.The results indicate that the behaviors of electron beams are similar to the electrons,the required critical emitting angle and scanning angle must be met to realize the electron beam melting under one certain external stable magnetic field.For instance,the emitting angle should be lower than 35°under 0.15 T of magnetic field,and the scanning angle must range between−3.5°to+3.5°in the case of 0 of the emitting angle.Higher magnetic field leads to stronger deflection of electrons(or beams),and meanwhile the critical conditions would be tighter.The magnetic field have effects of filtering,focusing and constraining on electrons(or beams),and the electrons(or beams)are able to enter the crucible independent from the emitting distance once the critical emitting and scanning angle conditions are met.This study can provide a guidance to the development of magnetic field assisted electron beam melting technology and other related technologies.

关 键 词：电子束熔炼 磁场 带电粒子运动 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TF134[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]