四川蜂桶寨国家级自然保护区红腹角雉占域模式及其季节性变化  

Seasonal Changes in Occupancy Pattern of Tragopan temminckii in the Fengtongzhai National Nature Reserve,Sichuan

作　　者：许兴如 郭艳 陈黎 周天祥 杨华林 程跃红 王彬 XU Xingru;GUO Yan;CHEN Li;ZHOU Tianxiang;YANG Hualin;CHENG Yuehong;WANG Bin(Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education),China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan Province 637009,China;College of Life Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan Province 637009,China;Sichuan Fengtongzhai National Nature Reserve Administration,Yaan,Sichuan Province 625700,China;Sichuan Wolong National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau,Wenchuan,Sichuan Province 623006,China;Institute of Ecology,China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan Province 637009,China;Sichuan Wildlife Rehabilitation and Breeding Research Center,China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan Province 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川南充637009 [2]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637009 [3]四川蜂桶寨国家级自然保护区管护中心,四川雅安625700 [4]四川卧龙国家级自然保护区管理局,四川汶川623006 [5]西华师范大学生态研究院,四川南充637009 [6]西华师范大学四川省野生动物救护与繁育研究中心,四川南充637009

出　　处：《四川动物》2024年第4期385-395,共11页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32000354);四川省自然科学基金项目(2022NSFSC0123,2022NSFSC1726)。

摘　　要：红腹角雉Tragopan temminckii是西南山地森林生态系统中的受胁雉类,目前对该物种占域模式及其影响因子的季节性变化尚缺乏了解。本研究于2021年4月—2023年4月在四川蜂桶寨国家级自然保护区山地森林(海拔1500~3000 m)内分层抽样49个1 km×1 km的网格,共布设52台红外相机,累计监测29943个相机日,红腹角雉独立探测647次。占域模型结果显示:繁殖季(4—8月)红腹角雉占域率为0.71、探测率为0.33,倾向于选择阴坡,占域率随距最近公路距离、坡度、乔木平均胸径、草本盖度增加而降低,随海拔和天敌相对多度指数增加而升高;非繁殖季(9月至次年3月)红腹角雉的占域率为0.57、探测率为0.32,占域率随坡度、距最近公路距离和家畜相对多度指数增加而降低,随海拔、乔木平均胸径和灌木均高增加而升高。占域模式影响因子的季节性差异,表明红腹角雉在不同生活史阶段的栖息地需求和面临的外部压力变化,建议保护区开展红腹角雉保护工作时考虑其资源需求和威胁来源的周期性变化。Temminck’s tragopan(Tragopan temminckii)is a threatened pheasant species in mountainous forest ecosystems of southwestern China.However,the habitat occupancy pattern and the seasonal changes of its influencing factors of T.temminckii still remain elusive.From April,2021 to April,2023,52 infrared-triggered cameras were set in 49 grids in the mountainous forest(with an elevation ranging from 1500 m to 3000 m)in the Fengtongzhai National Nature Reserve of Sichuan Province to monitor T.temminckii population.The cameras monitored 29943 valid camera days in total,and T.temminckii were independently detected 647 times.The results of occupancy model showed that in breeding seasons(April-August),the occupancy probability was 0.71,and the detection probability was 0.33;T.temminckii tend to choose shady slopes,and the occupancy probability decreased with the increasing of the distance to the nearest road,slope,tree diameter at breast height(DBH)and grass coverage,and increased with the increasing of elevation and relative abundance index(RAI)of natural predators.In non-breeding seasons(September-March),the occupancy probability was 0.57,and the detection probability was 0.32,the occupancy probability of T.temminckii decreased with the increasing of slope,the distance to the nearest road and RAI of livestock,and increased with the increasing of elevation,DBH and shrub average height.The seasonal difference in the influencing factors of occupancy pattern indicated the change of habitat requirements and external pressure of T.temminckii in different life periods.It is suggested that the periodic changes in resources and threats should be considered when protecting T.temminckii in the reserve.

关 键 词：红腹角雉 占域模式 影响因子 捕食风险 人为干扰 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学] Q959.7