Climate and topography regulate the spatial pattern of soil salinization and its effects on shrub community structure in Northwest China  

作　　者：DU Lan TIAN Shengchuan ZHAO Nan ZHANG Bin MU Xiaohan TANG Lisong ZHENG Xinjun LI Yan 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]Fukang Station of Desert Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Fukang 831505,China [4]State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China

出　　处：《Journal of Arid Land》2024年第7期925-942,共18页干旱区科学（英文版）

基　　金：financially supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(42330503,42171068);the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(2022xjkk0901);the Tianshan Talent Training Program(2023TSYCLJ0048).

摘　　要：Soil salinization may affect biodiversity and species composition,leading to changes in the plant community structure.However,few studies have explored the spatial pattern of soil salinization and its effects on shrub community structure at the ecosystem scale.Therefore,we conducted a transect sampling of desert shrublands in Northwest China during the growing season(June–September)in 2021.Soil salinization(both the degree and type),shrub community structure(e.g.,shrub density and height),and biodiversity parameters(e.g.,Simpson diversity,Margalf abundance,Shannon-Wiener diversity,and Pielou evenness indices)were used to assess the effects of soil salinization on shrub community structure.The results showed that the primary degree of soil salinization in the study area was light salinization,with the area proportion of 69.8%.Whereas the main type of soil salinization was characterized as sulfate saline soil,also accounting for 69.8%of the total area.Notably,there was a significant reduction in the degree of soil salinization and a shift in the type of soil salinization from chloride saline soil to sulfate saline soil,with an increase in longitude.Regional mean annual precipitation(MAP),mean annual evapotranspiration(MAE),elevation,and slope significantly contributed to soil salinization and its geochemical differentiation.As soil salinization intensified,shrub community structure displayed increased diversity and evenness,as indicated by the increases in the Simpson diversity,Shannon-Wiener diversity,and Pielou evenness indices.Moreover,the succulent stems and leaves of Chenopodiaceae and Tamaricaceae exhibited clear advantages under these conditions.Furthermore,regional climate and topography,such as MAP,MAE,and elevation,had greater effects on the distribution of shrub plants than soil salinization.These results provide a reference for the origin and pattern of soil salinization in drylands and their effects on the community structure of halophyte shrub species.

关 键 词：soil salinization HALOPHYTES SHRUBLAND climate change BIODIVERSITY DRYLANDS Northwest China 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]