恒星活动与系外宜居行星探索卫星——“紫瞳”科学卫星  

Ultraviolet-Visible Stellar Activity and Habitable Exoplanet Survey--The UVEYES Satellite

作　　者：刘慧根[1] 周济林[1] 霍卓玺 李凌[3] 李翔宇[4] 杨明 张辉 余周毅 谢基伟[1] 姜朝峰 杨佳祎 张国强 欧阳青林 刘冀林 张晓静 李梦旭 王任远 LIU Huigen;ZHOU Jilin;HUO Zhuoxi;LI Ling;LI Xiangyu;YANG Ming;ZHANG Hui;YU Zhouyi;XIE Jiwei;JIANG Chaofeng;YANG Jiayi;ZHANG Guoqiang;OUYANG Qinglin;LIU Jilin;ZHANG Xiaojing;LI Mengxu;WANG Renyuan(School of Astronomy&Space Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210089,China;China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation,Beijing 100088,China;Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China;School of Aerospace Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;College of Surveying and Geographic Informatics,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学天文与空间科学学院,南京210089 [2]中国航天科技创新研究院,北京100088 [3]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094 [4]北京理工大学宇航学院,北京100081 [5]同济大学测绘与地理信息学院,上海200092 [6]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030

出　　处：《空间科学与试验学报》2024年第1期23-32,共10页Journal of Space Science and Experiment

基　　金：科技部重点研发计划(2019YFA0706601);自然科学基金(11973028,11933001,1803012,12150009,12173003);“十四五”民用航天项目(D050105)。

摘　　要：生命从哪里来?人类在宇宙中是否独一无二?这些都是各国科学界研究的重大科学问题。恒星辐射与活动性是决定行星宜居性的关键因素。本文提出的科学卫星“紫瞳”,瞄准了系外宜居行星探测等重大科学问题,首次在近紫外-可见光双波段开展恒星活动观测与系外行星搜寻,并期望在“另一个地球”搜寻上取得重大突破。“紫瞳”载荷为4个共视场(10°×10°)的30 cm口径望远镜,等效口径50 cm。“紫瞳”主要科学目标包括:对1000多万颗恒星开展活动性监测,揭示恒星活动性规律;发现2000多颗系外行星候选体,揭示热行星的大气特征;发现红矮星周围的“另一个地球”。此外,“紫瞳”在太阳系小天体探测、暂现源监测、超大质量黑洞搜寻和刻画、引力波对应体搜寻等时域天文学领域也发挥着重要作用,帮助理解宇宙中极端高能事件的物理机制。"Where did life come from?""Are humans unique in the universe?"These are the great scientific questions of the centuries.Stellar radiation and activity are the key factors that determine the habitability of planets.The scientific satellite proposed in this paper,i.e.the Ultraviolet-Visible stEllar activitY and Exoplanet Survey Satellite(UVEYES),is aimed at major scientific problems such as the detection of habitable exoplanets.It is the first time to observe stellar activity and search for exoplanets in both near-UV and optical wavelengths,which will make a major breakthrough in the search for another Earth.The payload includes four 30 cm telescopes designed with a common fields of view(10°×10°),which has an equivalent aperture of 50 cm.The main scientific goals of UVEYES include:to monitor the stellar activity of more than 10 million stars and to reveal some patterns;to observe more than 2,000 exoplanet candidates and to figure out atmospheric characteristics of hot planets;to discover"another Earth"around red dwarf stars.In addition,UVEYES can also play an important role in time domain astronomy such as detecting solar system small bodies,monitoring temporary source,searching and characterizing supermassive black hole and gravitational wave counterpart,which can help us to understand the physical mechanism of extreme high-energy events in the universe.

关 键 词：时域天文 多波段观测 恒星活动性 系外行星 行星宜居性 

分 类 号：P17[天文地球—天文学]