乌原鲤早期发育过程中生长及主要消化酶活性和肠道组织变化  

Changes in growth,the activities of major digestive enzymes and intestinal tissues during the early development of Procypris mera

作　　者：陈礼龙 吴伟军 叶华[1] 李哲 柯真林 周康奇 李育森 林勇 苏胜齐[1] CHEN Liong;WU Weijun;YE Hua;LI Zhe;KE Zhenlin;ZHOU Kangqi;LI Yusen;LIN Yong;SU Shengqi(School of Aquatic Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture,Guangxi Institute of Aquatic Sciences,Nanning 530021,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学水产学院,重庆400715 [2]广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院,广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室,南宁530021

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2024年第4期85-92,共8页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：广西科技攻关计划(桂科攻15248003-19);广西农业科技自筹经费项目(Z202288);广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室建设项目(19-A-04-03)。

摘　　要：本实验探究了乌原鲤(Procypris mera)1 DAH(Day after hatching,日龄)仔鱼到80 DAH幼鱼的生长过程中脂肪酶、淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、碱性磷酸酶活性变化规律及其生长和肠道组织变化情况。结果显示,乌原鲤仔稚幼鱼阶段全长和体质量的拟合增长方程分别为y=-0.00481x^(2)+1.00636x+3.33020(R^(2)=0.985,P<0.05)和y=0.1731x^(2)+3.76634x-40.61142(R^(2)=0.990,P<0.05),特定生长率为7.7402%/d。肠道组织8 DAH时出现大量的杯状细胞和黏膜褶皱,15 DAH时肠道组织分层明显,27 DAH时黏膜褶皱高度不一、肌肉层增厚,45 DAH时出现肠腺,标志发育趋于完善。脂肪酶、淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、碱性磷酸酶在1 DAH时均已检测出活性,且这4种消化酶呈现出不同的变化趋势。脂肪酶活性在1~13 DAH时期是先上升后下降趋势并于13 DAH达到最小值(0.654±0.165)U/g,在17 DAH达到峰值(1.437±0.110)U/g后呈先波动下降后显著上升的趋势;淀粉酶活性在3 DAH达到最小值(0.039±0.002)U/g,随后显著上升,在7 DAH达到最大值(0.146±0.005)U/g后呈波动下降趋势;胰蛋白酶活性在6 DAH达到最小值(232.677±26.620)U/mg,在6~13 DAH时期显著上升,在17 DAH后总体呈上升趋势;碱性磷酸酶活性在1~4 DAH时期缓慢上升,在5~13 DAH时期显著上升,在13~35 DAH时期波动下降,在35 DAH后又呈显著上升趋势。由此可得出结论,乌原鲤早期发育过程中的主要消化酶活性随着生长发生显著变化,其消化功能逐渐完善;在5~15 DAH应投喂含有足量蛋白质和脂肪的饵料,在15~45 DAH需投喂充足蛋白质和脂肪的配合饲料,在45~80 DAH需投喂营养均衡并含有一定比例碳水化合物的配合饲料。This study employed enzymatic methods,tissue sectioning techniques,and routine measurements to explore the pattern of change in the activities of lipase,amylase,trypsin,alkaline phosphatase and their growth and intestinal tissue changes during the growth of Procypris mera from 1 DAH(Day after hatching)larvae to 80 DAH juveniles.Meanwhile,this study also established a suitable feeding strategy for the larvae and juvenile P.mera.The results showed that the fitted growth equations for the total length and body weight of P.mera during the development of larvae and juveniles were y=-0.00481x^(2)+1.00636x+3.33020(R^(2)=0.985,P<0.05)and y=0.1731x^(2)+3.76634x-40.61142(R^(2)=0.990,P<0.05),and the specific growth rate was 7.7402 mg/d.The intestinal tissue first showed a large number of cup-shaped cells and mucosal folds at 8 DAH,then the layering of the intestinal tissue was obvious at 15 DAH,followed by variable heights of mucosal folds and thickening of the muscle layer at 27 DAH,and finally,the appearance of intestinal glands at 45 DAH,revealing the perfecting of development.The activities of lipase,amylase,trypsin,and alkaline phosphatase were detected at 1 DAH in P.mera,and these four digestive enzymes showed different trends.Lipase activity increased and then decreased from 1 to 13 DAH and reached a minimum(0.654±0.165)U/g at 13 DAH,and increased to the peak of(1.437±0.110)U/g at 17 DAH,and decreased gradually and then increase sharply.Amylase activity reached a minimum(0.039±0.002)U/g at 3 DAH,and then increased significantly,followed by a significant increase and a fluctuating downward trend after reaching a maximum(0.146±0.005)U/g at 7 DAH.Trypsin activity reached a minimum(232.677±26.620)U/mg protein at 6 DAH,increased significantly from 6 to 13 DAH,and showed an overall upward trend after 17 DAH.Alkaline phosphatase activity increased slowly from 1 to 4 DAH,increased significantly from 5 to 13 DAH,fluctuated and decreased from 13 to 35 DAH,and then increased dramatically after 35 DAH.It can be concluded th

关 键 词：乌原鲤(Procypris mera) 生长 早期发育 消化酶活性 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]