种植密度对玉米新品种儒研818干物质生产及产量的影响  

Effect of Different Planting Densities on Yield and Dry Matter Production Characters of New Corn Variety Ruyan 818

作　　者：薛法新 郝福庭 付贵林[1] 高秋荣 蒋飞[1] 吴秋平[1] XUE Faxin;HAO Futing;FU Guilin;GAO Qiurong;JIANG Fei;WU Qiuping(Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jining Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Corn Industry Technology System,Jining,Shandong 272031,China;Comprehensive Agricultural Service Center,Huanghai Town,Jiaxiang,Shandong 272499,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁市农业科学研究院/国家玉米产业技术体系济宁综合试验站,山东济宁272031 [2]嘉祥县黄垓镇农业综合服务中心,山东嘉祥272499

出　　处：《作物研究》2024年第3期157-162,172,共7页Crop Research

基　　金：济宁市现代农业科技创新重点研发计划(2022NYNS019);国家现代玉米产业技术体系建设专项(nycytx-02)。

摘　　要：为探究增密条件下玉米新品种儒研818的植株生长及产量表现,在鲁西南地区设60000(D1)、67500(D2)、75000(D3)、82500(D4)、90000(D5)、97500株/hm^(2)(D6)6个密度处理,分析不同种植密度对玉米主要农艺性状、干物质积累与分配、产量性状的影响。结果表明:随着种植密度的增加,玉米株高和吐丝期叶面积指数呈先升高后降低趋势,以D5处理最高;除D6处理外,不同密度处理玉米吐丝前单株叶片和穗干物质生产差异较小;各处理的单株茎鞘干物质则随密度增加呈下降趋势,成熟期不同植株器官及单株总干物质则随密度增加总体呈下降趋势;平均花前营养器官(叶片+茎鞘)转运和花后同化贡献率对籽粒产量的贡献率分别为18.9%和81.1%,花前叶片干物质转运量及其对籽粒产量的贡献率明显高于茎鞘;密度增加使得叶片和茎鞘干物质对籽粒转移的贡献率相对增加,但明显降低了灌浆中后期籽粒的灌浆速率,导致粒质量和穗粒数差异显著。种植密度为75000~82500株/hm^(2)时,儒研818的产量最高。The effects of different planting densities(60000,67500,75000,82500,90000,97500 plants/hm^(2))on agronomic characters,dry matter accumulation and distribution,grain-filling process were studied in order to study the effects of high planting densities on the new summer maize variety Ruyan 818 in Shandong South-West area.The results showed that with the increase of planting density,the yield per unit area increased first and then decreased,the plant height and the leaf area index also increased first and then decreased,with the highest value at D5 treatment.The dry matter accumulation per plant showed no difference between the D1 to D5 treatments before silking,while the whole plant dry matter accumulation especially the stalk allocation proportion showed a dounward trend.The average contribution for leaf and stalk dry matter remobilization to grain was 18.9% and 81.1%,respectively.With the increase of planting density,the contribution of dry matter remobilization to grain for both the leaf and stalk increased.The grain-filling rate and grain water dehydration rate in the later grain-filling stage decreased and consequently with the lower grain numbers,fewer 100-kernel weight.The suitable planting density range was 75000 to 82500 plants per hectare for Ruyan 818.

关 键 词：玉米 种植密度 干物质 产量 儒研818 

分 类 号：S513.04[农业科学—作物学]