烟稻复种区烤烟K326中部烟叶采收成熟度研究  

Study on Harvest Maturity of Middle Tobacco Leaf of K326 in Multi-Planting Area of Tobacco-Rice

作　　者：戴勇强 刘建丰 梁鹏程 胡彬 陈立军 李正平 金江华[2] 李旭[2] 于大鹏[2] 朱林 邓小华[3] DAI Yongqiang;LIU Jianfeng;LIANG Pengcheng;HU Bin;CHEN Lijun;LI Zhengping;JIN Jianghua;LI Xu;YU Dapeng;ZHU Lin;DENG Xiaohua(Hunan Tobacco Company Shaoyang City Company,Shaoyang,Hunan 422000,China;Jilin Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Yanji,Jilin 133000,China;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Huanan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司,湖南邵阳422000 [2]吉林烟草工业有限责任公司,吉林延吉133000 [3]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《作物研究》2024年第3期205-210,共6页Crop Research

基　　金：湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司科技项目(sy202301);吉林烟草工业有限责任公司科技项目(KJXM-2023-15)。

摘　　要：为了明确烟稻复种区烤烟K326的中部烟叶适宜采收成熟度,设计低成熟度(M1)、中成熟度(比M1延迟8 d采收,M2)、高成熟度(比M1延迟16 d采收,M3)3个处理,在湖南邵阳烟区开展不同成熟度烟叶的采收烘烤试验。结果表明:随着成熟度的提高,鲜烟叶SPAD值降低、淀粉含量先升高后降低,烘烤后微带青和杂色烟叶所占比例先降低后上升,烟叶糖含量(总糖和还原糖)先上升后降低。与M1、M3相比,M2处理的上等烟率分别提高7.84、7.88百分点,均价分别提高28.52%、18.42%,外观质量指数分别提高3.46%、1.77%,其评吸总分与M3处理无显著差异,但显著高于M1处理。综合分析,在湖南邵阳烟区,K326的中部烟叶采收成熟度以M2为宜,其鲜烟叶成熟特征为叶基黄绿,叶尖变黄,茸毛少部分脱落,叶面有粘手感,主、支脉变白约1/2,叶缘微卷曲。In order to determine the appropriate maturity of the middle tobacco leaf of K326 variety in the multi-planting area of tobacco-rice,three harvest maturity treatments of M1(low maturity),M2(medium maturity,delayed 8 d harvest)and M3(high maturity,delayed 16 d harvest)were designed to carry out sampling and roasting experiments in Hunan Shaoyang tobacco region.The results showed that SPAD value of fresh tobacco leaf decreased with the increase of leaf maturity,and starch content of fresh tobacco leaf increased first and then decreased.The proportion of microstrip green and variegated tobacco leaves decreased first and then increased after roasting.The proportion of total sugar and reducing sugar in tobacco leaves increased first and then decreased.Compared with M1 and M3,the high-grade smoke rate of M2 treatment increased by 7.84 and 7.88 percentage point respectively,the average price increased by 28.52% and 18.42% respectively,and the appearance quality index increased by 3.46% and 1.77%respectively.There was no significant difference between M2 treatment and M3 treatment,but it was significantly higher than M1 treatment.According to the comprehensive analysis,in the tobacco area of Shaoyang,Hunan,M2 is suitable for the harvest maturity of the middle leaves of K326,and its fresh tobacco leaves are characterized by yellow-green leaf base,yellow leaf tip,less hairs falling off,sticky feel on the leaf surface,white main and branch veins about 1/2,and leaf margin slightly curled.

关 键 词：烤烟 采收 成熟度 中部烟叶 K326 邵阳烟区 

分 类 号：S572.091[农业科学—烟草工业]