面向RAFT共识的低能耗无线区块链分片算法  

A Low-Energy-Consumption Wireless Blockchain Sharding Algorithm for RAFT Consensus

作　　者：罗皓翔 孙罡[1] 雷波[2] LUO Haoxiang;SUN Gang;LEI Bo(Key Lab of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China;China Telecom Corporation Limited Research Institute,Beijing 102209,China)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学光纤传感与通信教育部重点实验室,成都611731 [2]中国电信股份有限公司研究院,北京102209

出　　处：《电子科技大学学报》2024年第4期595-604,共10页Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFSC0913)。

摘　　要：区块链系统由于共识协商需要多轮沟通,会消耗大量的能量。在一些无线网络中,节点电池容量有限,会迅速导致节点能量耗尽和脱机,从而影响共识性能。该文设计了一种面向RAFT共识的低能耗的分片算法,算法将无线区块链网络中的节点限制在基于地理区域的分片上,从而避免节点参与全局共识。同时,还提出了一种分片后的能耗估算方法,简化了分片无线区块链网络的能量计算。在太赫兹和毫米波两个信号场景中得到的仿真结果均验证了该算法的有效性,能耗可降低98.36%,估算方法的最小误差仅为0.40%。Blockchain shows great potential in wireless network scenarios due to its security features.It establishes trust and consistency between system nodes without the trusted central authority.However,blockchain systems tend to consume a lot of energy,as many rounds of communication are required for consensus.In some wireless networks,the limited capacity of node batteries can quickly lead to node power depletion and offline,which can affect consensus performance.In addition,when the network is large,the huge energy consumption can also limit the scalability of the blockchain.Therefore,a low-energy-consumption sharding algorithm for RAFT consensus is designed to minimize the energy overhead in this paper.This algorithm restricts nodes to specific shards based on their geographic location,thereby avoiding nodes participating in a global consensus.Meanwhile,this paper also proposes an energy consumption estimation method to simplify the energy calculation of sharded wireless blockchain networks.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is effective.The energy consumption can be reduced by 98.36%,and the minimum error of the estimation method is only 0.4%.

关 键 词：无线区块链网络 RAFT共识 分片 低能耗 

分 类 号：TN915[电子电信—通信与信息系统]