基因组选择和选配技术在猪育种中的应用  

Application Progress of Genomic Selection and Mating Allocation Techniques in Pig Breeding

作　　者：窦腾飞 吴嘉浩 吴姿仪 白利瑶 李新建[1] 韩雪蕾[1] 乔瑞敏[1] 王克君 杨峰[1] 王一宁 李秀领 DOU Tengfei;WU Jiahao;WU Ziyi;BAI Liyao;LI Xinjian;HAN Xuelei;QIAO Ruimin;WANG Kejun;YANG Feng;WANG Yining;LI Xiuling(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物科技学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2024年第7期2795-2808,共14页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD13011201);国家自然科学基金青年基金(31902138);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23A230012)。

摘　　要：选种和选配是猪育种工作的核心内容,科学合理的选种选配是加快遗传改良的重要手段。随着生物育种技术的快速发展,基因组选择(genomic selection,GS)和基因组选配(genomic mating,GM)技术在猪遗传改良中发挥了巨大作用。GS是利用覆盖全基因组的分子标记对育种目标个体进行遗传潜能评估和预测的方法,其通过构建模型预测个体基因组育种值实现早期选种。GM则是通过优化交配组合产生更加优秀的后代实现优良性能的快速传递。本文综述了全基因组选择选配技术的发展、在猪育种中的应用研究进展及未来展望,旨在为基因组选择选配技术在我国猪育种的应用提供参考。Selection and mating are the core contents of pig breeding work,and scientific and rational selection and mating are important means to accelerate genetic improvement.With the rapid development of biological breeding technology,genomic selection(GS)and genomic mating(GM)techniques have played significant roles in the genetic improvement of pigs.GS is a method that uses molecular markers covering the entire genome to evaluate and predict the genetic potential of breeding target individuals,which achieves early selection by constructing models to predict individual genomic breeding values.GM,on the other hand,is about optimizing mating combinations to produce superior offspring for the rapid transmission of excellent traits.This article reviews the development,application progress and future prospects of GS and GM techniques in pig breeding,aiming to provide a reference in pig breeding in China.

关 键 词：基因组预测 选配 分子育种 猪 

分 类 号：S828.2[农业科学—畜牧学]