“突然、忽然”的词类标注问题与对策——一项语言学量子转向视域下的研究  

Problems and Solutionson the Word Class Labeling of“Tu Ran”and“Hu Ran”——A Study Based on the Linguistic Quantum Turn

作　　者：王正奎 刘金 WANG Zhengkui;LIU Jin(Center of Basic Subjects Teaching,Southwest Petrolum University,Nanchong 637001,China;School of English Studies,Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing 400031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学教务部,四川南充637001 [2]四川外国语大学英语学院,重庆400031

出　　处：《乐山师范学院学报》2024年第6期59-68,129,共11页Journal of Leshan Normal University

基　　金：2022-2023年西南石油大学人文社科专项基金项目:量子语言学视域下《现代汉语规范词典》(第四版)兼类词表征策略研究(2022-2023RW012);四川外国语大学重庆市市级研究生科研创新项目一般项目“《现代汉语词典》与《简明牛津英语词典》多义表征对比”(CYS22506);南充市社科研究“十四五”规划年度项目:量子语言学视域下《现代汉语规范词典》(第四版)形副兼类词表征策略探析(NC24B138)。

摘　　要：汉语词类问题的争论旷日持久,为了更好解决这一纷繁复杂的问题,语言学研究亟需完成从牛顿经典科学思维到量子思维的转向。查阅10部大中型标注词类的权威汉语汉英词典发现“突然、忽然”的词类标注以及释义配例呈现显著分歧。有鉴于此,基于语言学量子转向视域,以双层词类范畴化理论模型为指导,考察了“突然、忽然”在国家语委语料库的真实用法模式,根据其规约化程度提取出了“突然、忽然”在词典的真实词类表征。同时论证了汉语形容词包含副词的词类模式违背了汉语语言事实,并探讨其背后症结所在。针对这些问题,未来汉语词类研究亟需完成语言学量子转向,挣脱简约原则的束缚,积极拥抱双层词类范畴化理论模型,大胆开展语言实证研究。There have been protracted debates on Chinese word class studies.In order to tackle this complicated problem,linguistics is in urgent need of turning from Newton Classical scientific thinking to quantum thinking.It is found that the word class membership,meanings and examples of“Tu Ran”and“Hu Ran”in 10 authoritative dictionaries with overt word class labeling are at significant variance.Therefore,based on the linguistic quantum turn and under the guidance of the two-level word-class categorization theory,factual usage patterns of“Hu Ran”and“Tu Ran”are investigated,and then real word class membership of“Tu Ran”and“Hu Ran”are ascertained on the basis of conventionalization degree.Meanwhile,that adjective-adverb inclusion pattern is not in accordance with Chinese language facts,and the causes behind this contradiction are unveiled.In order to handle these problems,Chinese word class studies are in urgent need of turning from Newton Classical scientific thinking to quantum thinking,shake off the shackle of“principle of parsimony”,embrace the two-level word-class categorization theory,and bravely conduct linguistic empirical studies.

关 键 词：“突然、忽然” 词类标注 形副包含 语言学量子转向 

分 类 号：H061[语言文字—语言学]