军事飞行人员新型冠状病毒感染对心肺功能的影响及航空医学鉴定  

Effects of COVID-19 infection on cardiopulmonary function of military aircrews and related aeromedical assessment

作　　者：陈宏 董文琴 毛美 汪红荣 黄瑶 王彦人 CHEN Hong;DONG Wenqin;MAO Mei;WANG Hongrong;HUANG Yao;WANG Yanren(Department of Flight,the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team,Fuzhou 350002;Department of Burn,the 907th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team,Nanping 353000,China)

机构地区：[1]联勤保障部队第九〇〇医院特勤科,福州350002 [2]联勤保障部队第九〇七医院烧伤科,南平353000

出　　处：《空军航空医学》2024年第3期204-207,共4页AVIATION MEDICINE OF AIR FORCE

摘　　要：目的评估军事飞行人员新型冠状病毒(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)感染对心肺功能的影响,并探讨感染后航空医学鉴定。方法选取在联勤保障部队第九○○医院住院及大体检感染COVID-19的军事飞行人员20例为试验组,选取性别、年龄、BMI、飞行时间相匹配的未感染COVID-19的军事飞行人员20例为对照组。在完成各项常规体检项目的同时行静息肺功能、心肺运动功能检测,综合评估心肺功能。根据体检结果,结合军事飞行人员的机种及飞行职务,进行感染后航空医学鉴定。结果静息肺功能比较结果显示,2组间的用力肺活量、呼气峰值流量、第1 s用力呼气容积、1 s量占预计值百分比、用力呼出50%、75%肺活量时的瞬间呼气流量和最大通气量值及相应的实测值/正常预计值百分比差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);心肺运动功能比较结果显示,试验组峰值运动功率、峰值摄氧量、峰值公斤摄氧量、无氧阈、相对无氧阈、峰值代谢当量、峰值氧脉搏、峰值通气量值及相应的实测值/正常预计值百分比较对照组均降低(t=2.611~6.114,P均<0.05),2组心率储备、峰值心率及峰值呼吸交换率差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。20例COVID-19感染后军事飞行人员航空医学鉴定结论中,18例飞行合格(其中2例限制飞行观察),2例暂时飞行不合格。结论COVID-19感染对军事飞行人员心肺运动功能有明显影响,威胁飞行安全,为科学进行航空医学鉴定,建议COVID-19后2个月内的军事飞行人员复飞前行心肺运动试验检测。Objective To evaluate the effects of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection on cardiopulmonary function of military aircrews,and to explore methods for aeromedical assessment of post-infection military aircrews.Methods The twenty military aircrews infected with COVID-19 who were hospitalized and underwent physical examination in the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Team were selected as the experimental group while another twenty military aircrews without COVID-19 infection that matched in gender,age,BMI and hours of flight were selected as the matched group.Resting pulmonary function test and cardiopulmonary exercise test were performed to evaluate cardiopulmonary function.According to the results of health checkups,the post-infection aeromedical assessment of the military aircrews was carried out in combination with the types of aircraft and jobs.Results The comparison of resting pulmonary function between the two groups showed that there was no significant difference in forced vital capacity(FVC),peak expiratory flow(PEF),forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1),forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity(FEV1/FVC),maximal expiratory flow at 50%of forced vital capacity(MEF50),maximal expiratory flow at 75%of forced vital capacity(MEF75),maximal voluntary ventilation(MVV)or the corresponding measured value/predicted value percentage(all P>0.05).Results of cardiopulmonary exercise tests in both groups showed that the pea exercise power(LOAD),peak oxygen uptake(VO2peak),peak oxygen uptake/kilogram(VO2peak/kg),anaerobic threshold(AT),anaerobic threshold/kilogram(AT/kg),peak metabolic equivalents(METS),peak oxygen pulse(O2pulse max),peak ventilation volume(VE)and the corresponding percentage of measured value/predicted value in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the matched group(t=2.611~6.114,all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in heart rate recovery(HRR),maximum heart rate(HRmax),or respiratory exchange ratio(RER)between the two groups(all P>0.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染 心肺功能 心肺运动试验 航空医学鉴定 军事飞行人员 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]