飞机救生爆炸切割脉冲噪声检测实验仿真设计  

Simulated design of experiments for detection of explosive cutting impulse noise in aircraft escape system

作　　者：师国伟 郑学文 王中天 李林杉[3] 白玉 郝梦婷 潘玮 SHI Guowei;ZHENG Xuewen;WANG Zhongtian;LI Linshan;BAI Yu;HAO Mengting;PAN Wei(Department of Aviation Human Factor Research,Air Force Medical Center,Air Force Medical University,PLA,Beijing 100142;Aviation Medical Engineering Research Center,Air Force Medical Center,Air Force Medical University,PLA,Beijing 100142;Institute of Mathematics and Physics,Beijing Union University,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学空军特色医学中心航空人因工程研究室,北京100142 [2]空军军医大学空军特色医学中心航空医学工程研究中心,北京100142 [3]北京联合大学数理部,北京100101

出　　处：《空军航空医学》2024年第3期220-224,共5页AVIATION MEDICINE OF AIR FORCE

基　　金：爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室(北京理工大学)开放课题(KFJJ24-12M)。

摘　　要：目的为科学精准防护飞机救生爆炸切割脉冲噪声造成的听觉损伤,进行飞机救生爆炸切割脉冲噪声检测实验仿真设计。方法按照脉冲噪声听觉损伤安全限值规定的超压评价标准,根据爆炸冲击波超压计算经验公式,分析飞机救生爆炸切割脉冲噪声超压估算的比例距离与飞机座舱内炸测点的关系。其次根据飞行员弹射操作瞬间时空特征,以及飞机座舱和座椅弹射设计,分析并仿真飞机救生爆炸切割瞬间场景,搭建炸测点位置可调整的实验平台,精准仿真座椅各位置姿态的炸点、测点位置。最后进行地面爆炸切割检测实验,收集分析实验数据。结果基于飞机救生爆炸切割的座舱场景完成仿真设计。2次实验计算得到脉冲噪声超压值分别为165.9、165.2 dB,与实验测量曲线的脉冲噪声峰值接近;实验测得头盔隔声值为21.8 dB,与头盔实际隔声值(22 dB)接近,表明仿真实验检测数据与理论计算数据具有较好的一致性。结论飞机救生爆炸切割脉冲噪声检测实验仿真设计可为飞行员听觉损伤防护等研究提供数据支撑。Objective To accomplish simulated design of experiments for detection of impulse noise from explosive cutting during aircraft escape in order to protect against hearing damage.Methods The relationship between the proportional distance of the overpressure estimation of the impulse noise from explosion cutting during aircraft escape and the point of measurement of bombing in the cockpit of the aircraft was analyzed according to the overpressure evaluation standard stipulated in the safety threshold of auditory damage by impulse noise.Then,simulated design was initiated based on the spatial and temporal characteristics of the instantaneous ejection of the pilot and on the ejection design of the aircraft cockpit and seat.The instantaneous scenario of explosion cutting during aircraft escape was analyzed and simulated.An experimental platform was built with adjustable points of explosion and measurement that were accurately simulated in each posture of the seat.Finally,ground experiments for detection of explosion cutting were carried out and data was collected and analyzed.Results The simulated design was completed based on the cockpit scenario of explosive cutting during aircraft escape.The values of impulse noise overpressure calculated by the two experiments were 165.9 dB and 165.2 dB,respectively.The results of simulated experiments were consistent with the peak value of impulse noise of the measurement curve.In the experiment,the sound insulation value of the helmet was 21.8 dB and the actual value of sound insulation of the helmet was 22 dB.Conclusion The simulated design of experiments for detection of impulse noise from explosion cutting during aircraft escape can provide data for pilots'protection against hearing damage and other research.

关 键 词：爆炸切割 脉冲噪声 听觉损伤 仿真设计 飞行员 

分 类 号：V448.25[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] R856.76[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]