中国共产党利用木活字印刷术开展革命出版事业考论  

On the Communist Party of China Using Wood Moving-type Printing to Carry out Press and Publication

作　　者：孙云霄[1] Sun Yunxiao(Advanced Institute for Confucian Studies,Shandong University)

机构地区：[1]山东大学儒学高等研究院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《图书馆杂志》2024年第7期12-19,共8页Library Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国出版学学术史文献整理、研究与资料库建设”(项目编号:21&ZD321)子项目“本土自发形成的出版研究”的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：新民主主义革命时期,中共领导的根据地以农村为主,交通落后,经济和技术基础薄弱,又屡遭敌人封锁,铅印、石印、油印的设备及耗材严重匮乏,无法满足革命宣传和教育普及的需要。民国年间南方地区由于纂修家谱等原因,木活字印刷业仍较为活跃。其成本低廉、操作简单、方便转移,于是中共党政军机关主动利用木活字印刷革命读物和文件传单。这一现象主要出现在土地革命时期江西、湖南、湖北和安徽等地的苏区,出版物以初级教育课本为主。此外,中共还通过刻制木活字补充损坏或者缺少的铅字。传承千年的木活字印刷得以发挥余热,有力推动了当地的扫盲和群众动员工作,为偏远地区传播革命火种。During the New Democratic Revolution,the Communist Party’s bases were mainly rural areas with backward transportation,weak economy and technology,and often under enemy blockade.There was a severe shortage of mechanized printing equipment and consumables in these areas,which posed serious challenges to propaganda and education.Fortunately,wooden movable-type printing was active and widely applied,due to the traditional practices of genealogy compling in the South.Because of its low cost,simple operation mode,and convenient transfer,the Communist government and troops used it to print revolutionary reading materials and leaflets.This phenomenon mainly appeared in Jiangxi,Hunan,Hubei and Anhui provinces during the Agrarian Revolution,and the publications were mostly literacy books.In addition,the Communist Party of China also carved wooden types to supplement the broken lead types.Wooden movable-type printing,which has been around for thousands of years,promoted local literacy and mobilization efforts,spreading the sparks of revolution to remote areas.

关 键 词：中国共产党 木活字印刷 根据地 土地革命 抗日战争 

分 类 号：G239.29[文化科学] K26[历史地理—历史学]